Effects of Capacity Development on Monitoring and Evaluation Practices: A Case of Youth Agribusiness Incubation Projects at Egerton University, Kenya

Abstract

Developing capacity in monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is essential for M&E professionals and their organizations, as it enhances skills, improves data quality, and supports effective programme execution and informed decision making. Despite the growing importance of M&E, many M&E professionals and organizations still face gaps in skills, systems, and supportive environments. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of capacity development on monitoring and evaluation practices, focusing on three dimensions: individual, organizational, and enabling environment, with a specific case study of youth agribusiness incubation projects at Egerton University. The objectives were to assess M&E capacity available at Egerton University's youth agribusiness incubation projects, determine M&E practices in these projects, and evaluate the effects of capacity development on M&E practices. Key theories used in this study were Human Capital Theory (HCT) and Institutional Theory. The target population were the projects staff implementing the youth agribusiness incubation projects at Egerton University and the youth benefiting from the projects. The research adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design and used stratified simple random and census sampling techniques. Data was collected using structured online questionnaires and was analysed using SPSS Version 29. Regression analysis was used for the quantitative data, while thematic analysis was applied to the qualitative data. The youth sample size was 275 determined by the Slovin’s Formula while census sampling was used to determine the sample size of the projects staff which was 36 due to their small number. The total sample for the study was 311 respondents. Out of the 311 respondents that were targeted, 229 responded, constituting a response rate of 74%. Descriptive statistics were computed for M&E capacity development and M&E practices. Data was presented in form of tables. This study contributed to existing knowledge by empirically confirming that capacity development has an effect on monitoring and evaluation practices. There was a positive relationship between capacity development and monitoring and evaluation practices. The study highlighted that M&E knowledge was acquired through a range of sources, with practical experience through internships and formal university education being key contributors. The study further demonstrated that capacity development strategies in agribusiness incubation projects significantly improved the accuracy, efficiency and effectiveness of monitoring and evaluation practices. The study recommended that; organizations should encourage and provide resources for self-directed learning to help individuals take initiatives in acquiring M&E knowledge so as to bridge the existing skill gaps. Universities should also expand opportunities for youth to actively participate in the M&E projects. Training and awareness initiatives for key stakeholders should be enhanced to contribute to sustainable project success. Organizations should invest in improving technological infrastructure so as to optimize the potential of technology. The Kenyan government and public sector should establish mechanisms to reward and incentivize innovation and learning within M&E practices that include recognizing and supporting innovative M&E initiatives, providing financial incentives and creating awards to encourage continuous improvement and creativity in the M&E field.