Daystar University Repository

Welcome to the Daystar University's Digital Repository. Here we preserve and disseminate the University's Intellectual output.

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Recent Submissions

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    Main Campus Athi River celebrates Culture Week
    (Daystar University, 2025-12) Omego, Fredrick
    Daystar University students host their culture week gala night at the Main Campus Athi River.
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    SBE Holds Tree Planting and Student Mentorship Day
    (Daystar University, 2025-11) Akelo, Clement
    Daystar University staff, ICPAK representatives, and KASNEB partners unite for a group photo celebrating a day of mentorship and environmental stewardship at the Main Campus Athi River.
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    Daystar University Hosts a Public Lecture on Legal Scholarship
    (Daystar University, 2026) Oiro, Timothy
    The Daystar University School of Law hosted a public lecture on Wednesday, 25th March 2026 at Main Campus Athi River. The lecture focused on equipping Law students with skills such as editing, legal research and analysis in a bid to shape their legal thoughts on contemporary issues. The guest speaker was legal scholar, Mr. Humphrey Sipalla, who is also a lecturer at Kabarak University where he is also Editor-in-Chief. Mr. Sipalla specializes in public law, international human rights, and decoloniality. Daystar University was represented by the School of Law Associate Dean, Dr. Martin Oloo, HOD Private Law, Dr. Benjamin Musau, and Faculty members: Mr. Emmanuel Ekiru and Ms. Nyambura Nguru, and Law students. In his opening remarks, Dr. Oloo acknowledged that the lecture was a foundational step for students to hone their academic writing and research skills. He expressed his hope that the insights shared will spur students to become authors. “From this public lecture, we need to see serious writing in your dissertation,” he said, further encouraging the students to aim at publishing their work early in their legal career. Mr. Sipalla expounded on the theme of the day: The role of student-led referred Law Reviews on the Future of the African University. He focused his talk on key issues such as finding order during crisis, the role of African universities and the impact of artificial intelligence in legal writing. He further expounded on how the theme influences legal scholarship and legal scholars.The speaker also noted that a student pioneered journal would be a testament to the fact that students within the corridors of higher learning institution can formulate ingenious ideas that change the world, as they participate in their own professional development. He ended his remarks by calling on students to exercise discernment in the wake of Artificial Intelligence. “In the era of artificial intelligence, we should embrace discernment as a core skill,” he said. On his part, Dr. Benjamin Musau thanked the guest speaker for an insightful and inspirational lecture, noting that it was grounded on deep knowledge and study over the years in shaping legal education.
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    Prevalence and correlates of modifiable and environmental risk factors for non communicable diseases among refugees and asylum seekers in Northern Kenya
    (BioMed Central, 2026) Wamalwa, Emmanuel; Khamati, Sylvia; Ngereso, Kevin; Nyoike, Martin; Bitok, Monicah
    Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are increasingly prevalent in humanitarian settings, yet modifiable and environmental risk factors among displaced populations remain poorly characterized. Refugees in protracted settlements face elevated exposure to risks such as unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, substance use, and indoor air pollution. This study assessed the prevalence and socio-demographic patterns of key NCD risk factors among adult refugees and asylum seekers in the Kalobeyei Integrated Settlement, northern Kenya. Methods A cross-sectional mixed-methods study was conducted with 488 adults selected through multi-stage sampling. Structured household surveys assessed modifiable (tobacco and alcohol use, physical activity, diet, salt intake) and environmental (cooking and lighting fuel) NCD risk factors. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression identified significant associations. Additionally, 18 key informant interviews and 3 focus group discussions were conducted and analyzed thematically. Results Nearly all participants (99.6%) reported at least two NCD risk exposures, and 88% had three or more. Lifetime alcohol use was reported by 16.2%, with low education independently associated (OR = 3.51, p = 0.017). Tobacco use (6.1%) occurred only among Christians or those with no religion. Only 33.8% met World Health Organization (WHO) physical activity guidelines, with these same groups more likely to be active (OR = 5.82, p < 0.001). Low fruit and vegetable intake was widespread, while high salt use (22.8%) was more common among Muslims and older adults. Nearly all households (98.2%) relied on polluting cooking fuels, and over half used polluting lighting sources, disproportionately affecting non-Muslims. Compared to national benchmarks (Kenya STEPwise Survey, 2015), refugees in Kalobeyei reported lower substance use but substantially higher physical inactivity, dietary inadequacy, and environmental exposure. Religious affiliation functioned as a contextual marker for broader sociocultural, gendered, and infrastructural dynamics shaping risk profiles. Conclusions Refugees in Kalobeyei experience a high burden of overlapping NCD risk factors, shaped by structural inequalities, service access deficits, and sociocultural context. Addressing these risks requires multisectoral, culturally responsive strategies that integrate health, nutrition, energy, and protection systems in protracted humanitarian settings.
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    Sexual Partners and Risk Behaviors among People Living with HIV (PLHIV) in Kisii County, Western Kenya
    (2015) Wamalwa Emmanuel; Neyole Edward; Poipoi Moses; Bitok Monicah
    Safer sexual behaviors among PLHIVs offer cost efficient and effective opportunity to reduce new infections and improving PLHIVs quality of life. Need exists to better understand PLHIVs sexual partnerships and riskbehavior trends to foster safer sex. This study sought to determine the number and type of sexual partnerships as well as risk behaviors among PLHIVs in Kisii County, Kenya. Methods: 340 PLHIVs were interviewed. Results: Most PLHIVs (88%) had one sexual partner in preceding 12 months, 11% had multiple partners; 24% of PLHIVs' primary sexual partners had other partners known to the PLHIVs, 20% of whom lived with those partners. Most PLHIVs reported discussing HIV prevention (82%), taking HIV test (69%), disclosing HIV status (87%) and using condoms at last sex (79%) with primary partners, but these reduced with partners considered secondary. Those depending on kin as primary income source were least likely to have discussed HIV prevention with partners (p = 0.001) while knowledge of ARVs was positively associated with increased likelihood to discuss HIV prevention with partner (p =0.024). Most PLHIVs (78%) had last sex with stable partner, females were more likely to report casual partners at last sex (p = 0.008). Many (23%) PLHIVs had last sex with drunk partners, females were more likely to report drunk partners at mlast sex (p = 0.008). Only 65% consistently used condom in preceding 12 months, 77% used condoms at last sex. Those aged 18 - 24 (p = 0.001) and those depending on kin as primary income source (p = 0.002) were less likely to have used condom at last sex. Knowledge of mother to child HIV transmission (p = 0.036) and ARVs (p = 0.002) were positively associated to condom use at last sex. HIV and STI prevention were major condom use reasons at last sex, accounting 87% and 9% respectively; while reduced pleasure (34%), partner being cautious (23%) and intending pregnancy (36%) were main non-use reasons at last sex. PLHIVs attending lower-level facilities had better consistency (p=0.007) and condom-use at last sex levels (p=0.024) probably attributable to poor patient-clinician ratios in higher-level facilities. Conclusions and Recommendations: Most PLHIVs uphold safer sex practices, especially with partners they consider primary, but high risk behaviors still exhibit. We recommend targeted behavior change initiatives for PLHIVs in multiple partnerships, those aged 18 - 24 and those who depend on kin as a primary income source