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Coverage of Kenya's 1992 Parliamentary Election Petitions By Daily Nation and Kenya Times: A Study of Bias in News Reporting
(Daystar University, School of Communication, 2000) Mwangi, Catherine Waithera
This study looked at the coverage of the filing and outcomes of the 1992 parlia- mentary election petitions as well as at the direction of coverage of petitioners to determine whether Daily Nation and Kenya Times were biased in their reporting. Bias was defined as the systematic differential treatment of KANU and Opposi- tion candidates and supporters with regard to the extent, prominance and direc- tion of coverage. A comparative analysis of the dailies was done to determine if they differed in their coverage. Content analysis method was used. All news sto- ries published between 1993 and 1995 about the filing and outcomes of the peti- tions were included in the analysis. The units of analysis were the story, the head- line and the sentence. The study found that the dailies are more likely to be biased when covering the events where petitioners are parlimentary candidates than when covering those where petitioners are the electorate. Barring the direction of sentences where Daily Nation treated KANU and Opposition candidates similarly, the daily was biased in favour of Oppositon candidates as far as selection of filing, withdrawal and dismissal of petitions as well as display of stories and slant of headlines were concerned. It was only in the slant of sentences that the privately-owned daily was biased in favour of Opposition supporters. Meanwhile, Kenya Times treated KANU and Oppostion candidates similarly in headlines. The daily was, however, biased in favor of KANU candidates as far as selection of dismissal and striking out of petitions were concerned. It was also biased in favour of KANU candidates with regard to the display of stories about filing of petitions and the slant of sentences. The government-owned daily was found to be biased in favor of KANU supporters only with regard to selection of petition withdrawal and the display of stories about filing of petitions. The findings reveal that many of the allegations of biased reporting that have been leveled against the two newspapers are indeed valid, at least as far as cover- age of election petitions is involved.
Effect of Project Planning Practices on Project Performance of the Integrated Housing Project in Laikipia County, Kenya
(East African Finance Journal, 2026) Kithandi, Charles Katua; Leruk, Hamidah
This study examined the effect of project planning practices on the performance of the Integrated Housing Project implemented by Habitat for Humanity Kenya (HFHK) in Laikipia County, Kenya. Effective project planning is widely acknowledged as the single most critical foundation of project success, yet empirical evidence specifically linking planning practices to integrated housing project performance in rural NGO-led contexts in Kenya remains limited. A descriptive case study research design was adopted targeting 128 respondents comprising HFHK project staff, community beneficiaries, and local government representatives. A census approach was employed and 101 completed questionnaires were returned, representing a 79% response rate. Structured questionnaires with five-point Likert-scale items measured project planning practices and project performance. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 26 through descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and simple linear regression. Diagnostic tests confirmed normality (Shapiro-Wilk, p = 0.365), absence of multicollinearity (VIF < 2.0), linearity (Ramsey RESET, p = 0.434), and homoscedasticity (Breusch-Pagan, p = 0.380) prior to regression analysis. Project planning practices had a strong, positive, and statistically significant effect on project performance (β = 0.582, p < 0.05), explaining 33.9% of the variance in project performance (R² = 0.339, Adjusted R² = 0.332, F = 51.234, p < 0.05). Descriptive findings showed a high overall mean of 4.10 (SD = 0.72), indicating strong agreement that planning was systematic, participatory, and adaptive. Among all planning dimensions, regular plan review and updating recorded the highest mean (4.13), followed by clear timelines and deliverables (4.12) and use of appropriate planning tools (4.11). Development organizations should invest in comprehensive, participatory, and adaptive project planning processes that incorporate risk assessment, community needs analysis, and regular plan reviews. Structured planning frameworks significantly enhance coordination, resource efficiency, timely delivery, and beneficiary satisfaction in integrated housing projects.
The Effect of Operations Strategy on Performance of Consultancy Firms? An Empirical Survey of Management Consultancy Firms in Nairobi, Kenya
(Journal of Economics and Business, 2019) Wandiga, Eunice Ngina; Kilika James M; James, Rosemary
The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of operations strategy on the performance of management consultancy firms in Nairobi, Kenya. The objectives of the study were: to investigate the effect of resource management, value proposition, facility, and knowledge-based value chain strategies on performance of management consultancy firms in Nairobi, Kenya. The study was conducted among management consultancy firms in Nairobi. The target population for the study was all the 227 management consultancy firms which practice as marketing, human resource, accounting and finance, and operations management consultants in Nairobi out of which 144 were selected using stratified random sampling technique. The study found that resource management, value proposition, and knowledge-based value chain strategies have a significant positive effect on the performance of management consultancy firms while facility strategy has no significant effect on performance on management consultancy firms. The findings raise theoretical implications underpinning strategic management practice and theories. It also raises practical implications to management consultants who are in charge of developing and deploying the operations strategy. The study recommends further research be extended to other consultancy businesses, manufacturing, banking, and insurance sector.
Prevalence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Among Incarcerated Male Adults in Selected Prisons in Kenya
(Journal of Correctional Education, 2025) Tuikong, Sylvia; Ayuya, Caroline; Waruinge, Njoki
Previous studies on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in incarcerated adults have suggested a high prevalence. The disorder has often been associated with antisocial and criminal behaviors that may lead to incarceration. Studies have also suggested that the disorder is more common in males than in females. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of ADHD symptoms among incarcerated males aged 18 to 65 years in selected prisons in Kenya and to describe their sociodemographic characteristics. To do this a quasi-experimental research design was adopted, with a multi-stage and purposive sampling used to identify individuals meeting the characteristics associated with ADHD from five selected male prisons. This study utilized a mixed methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. A quasi-experimental design was employed, with participants being non-randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group. The sample size consisting of incarcerated male adults in Kenya was determined (N = 154), while various prevalence rates of ADHD symptoms in similar populations from previous studies were considered. Data was collected through the ASRS–v1.1 checklist, questionnaires, and interviews. The response rate for the study ranged from 68.2% to 93.3% across different stages of screening. The study found the indicative prevalence of ADHD symptoms to be 22.9% among the incarcerated male adults in the study, which falls within the range from similar studies. The results indicate a high prevalence of ADHD symptoms in Kenyan male prisoners, which is consistent with similar results in other countries. The association between ADHD and criminal activities in the Kenyan population should be further investigated.
Differentiation Strategy and Patient Satisfaction in Level 5 Private Hospitals, Nairobi County, Kenya.
(Journal of Business Management & Innovation, 2025) Wandiga, Eunice Ngina; Gachuru, George; Maingi, Thomas Mwendwa
The interplay between differentiation competitive strategy and patient satisfaction is an important concern in healthcare, particularly for Level 5 private hospitals in urban environments like Nairobi, Kenya. This study was drawn upon established theoretical frameworks including the Porter’s generic strategies and SERVQUAL Model to understand the influence of differentiation strategy on patient satisfaction. While the broader literature on strategic leadership and healthcare administration offers critical insights into competitive dynamics, a distinct gap exists in understanding the influence of specific competitive strategies such as differentiation on patient satisfaction in Nairobi City County. Patient satisfaction is a critical measure of healthcare quality, particularly in Kenya’s competitive private hospital sector, where Level 5 private hospitals play a pivotal role in delivering specialized care. This study examined the effect of differentiation strategy on patient satisfaction in Level 5 private hospitals in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study employed a cross-sectional survey research design, utilizing stratified random sampling to select a sample of 99 administrative and key management personnel from a target population of 132 across 9 Level 5 private hospitals in Nairobi City County, Kenya. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis. Findings revealed that differentiation strategy significantly and positively influenced patient satisfaction, with quality of care, innovation, and patient-centered services as key drivers. The study concludes that investing in technology, staff training, and personalized care is essential for hospitals seeking competitive advantage through improved patient satisfaction. It recommends that private hospital managers emphasize differentiation in their strategic planning and that policymakers integrate innovation and patient-centered standards into regulatory frameworks.