The Association between Depression, Anxiety and Sociodemographic Factors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients from Selected Hospitals in Kenya.

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is commonly comorbid with depression as well as anxiety and their coexistence has been linked with more negative health outcomes. Sociodemographic characteristics contribute to the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with diabetes. Given the high incidence of diabetes mellitus cases in Kenya, this study sought to assess for a correlation between socio-demographic characteristics and depression and anxiety among people with type 2 diabetes in selected hospitals in Kenya. Study tools utilized were Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and socio-demographic questionnaire. Participants were 161 type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients aged between 30-70 years old. Bivariate analysis found no significant association between depression or anxiety and age, gender, marital status and level of education. However, there was a statistically significant association between depression and religious denomination (P=0.005) but not between anxiety and religious denomination (p=0.682). Logistic regression revealed that Roman Catholics were about 5 times less likely to have depression compared to patients who were Protestants (OR=5.143, 95% CI: 1.506-17.568; P=0.009).