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Item Relationship Between Strategic Marketing Innovations and the Performance of Kenya Airways(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024-10) Jackson, MutindiStiff competition existing in the aviation sector requires firms to develop and implement appropriate business strategies not only to overcome such competition but to also remain at the top of the market. Kenya Airways, despite being the largest airline in Kenya has been experiencing losses and recording poor financial performance for years. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between strategic marketing innovations and the performance of Kenya Airways. The study was guided by the following specific objectives, to:- determine the relationship between strategic partnerships and alliances and the performance of Kenya Airways, find out the relationship between technological integration and the performance of Kenya Airways, assess the relationship between branding and the performance of Kenya Airways and assess the moderating role of aviation regulations on the relationship between strategic marketing innovations and the performance of Kenya Airways. This study was done using a descriptive research design and guided by the theory of competitive advantage, resource-based view, diffusion theory and Schumpeter’s Theory of Innovation. The target population included managers and staff working at Kenya Airways. The specific sample size was 142 people, which included staff working in marketing and strategic operations in the organization managers. Data for this study was collected using self-constructed structured questionnaires. Pretesting was done at Jambo Jet with a sample of 14 (10% of the sample size). Content validity was ascertained using supervisors and experts who reviewed the research instrument. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha with the questionnaire reporting Cronbach’s alpha of r = 0.939, consistent with the r = 0.7 threshold suggested by Taber (2018). Data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics used included means, standard deviations, percentages and frequencies. Inferential statistics were done using regression analysis and correlation analysis. The study found out that strategic partnerships and significantly predicted its performance in the market, F (1, 129) = 101.943, p<0.01. The performance of Kenya Airways was significantly dependent on the strategic partnerships and alliances implemented by the organization, (β = 1.328, p = 0.000. Technological integration significantly predicted performance, F (1, 129) = 242.080, p = 0.000. The performance of Kenya Airways was significantly dependent on the technological integration, (β = 1.720, p = 0.000). The branding approaches significantly predicted the organization’s performance, F (1, 129) = 168.824, p = 0.000. The performance of Kenya Airways was significantly dependent on the branding approaches and strategies, (β = 1.648, p = 0.000). On average, the participants strongly agreed that adhering to aviation regulations is crucial for Kenya Airways to improve the performance in the sector especially through effective implementation of marketing innovation strategies captured in the study. The study recommended that Kenya Airways should actively seek for more opportunities to form strategic partnerships with other airlines, airports, and service providers. Also, Kenya Airways should consider investing in modern technologies that can be applied in the aviation sector such as data analytics, artificial intelligence, and cloud computing. In addition, Kenya Airways should invest more in building a strong and consistent brand identity. Lastly, Kenya Airways should strive to follow and comply with all relevant aviation regulations whether domestic or international.Item Strategic Partnerships and Performance of Non-Governmental Organizations in the Education Sector in Kajiado County.(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024) Kiogora, DorisNGOs success or failure largely depends on strategic partnerships adopted when carrying out its projects. Empirical literature has shown that NGOs adopt different strategic partnerships which influence performance with Kenyan studies showing research gaps. Further, Kajiado county being a semi-arid county has experienced an increase in NGOs involvement in education sector but performing poorly in terms of quality service delivery, financial sustainability, fundraising efficiency and outcomes effectiveness. This study aimed to find out the strategic partnerships and performance of Non-Governmental Organizations in the education sector in Kajiado county. The study’s objectives were to explore the types of strategic partnerships practiced by NGOs in education sector in Kajiado County, to identify the indicators of performance of NGOs in education sector in Kajiado county and to establish the effect of strategic partnership on the performance of NGOs in education sector in Kajiado county. The study was mainly focus on strategic partnerships which were looked at through the board variables which were networks, coordination and collaboration. For performance of non-governmental organizations in the education, the quality service delivery, financial sustainability, Fundraising efficiency and outcomes effectiveness. The resource dependency theory and the collaborative governance theory served as the foundation for this investigation. The study used a descriptive research design and target population consisted of 120 employees of NGOs that provide support to the education sector in Kajiado County. The study employed primary data that was obtained through self-administered questionnaires. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, and SPSS 25 was employed for the analysis. The study found out that strategic partnership had an impact on performance of education NGOs in Kajiado county. In addition, strategic partnerships had a significant positive relationship with performance of education NGOs. The study also found that majority of the respondents agreed that there was performance in NGOs as a result of using strategic partnerships. There were significant positive relationships between strategic partnerships and performance of education NGOs. The study concluded that strategic partnerships were being used by education NGOs in Kajiado county. The study also concluded that coordination and collaboration were mostly used as strategic partnerships. Further, the study also concluded that financial resources are put to best use to achieve goals and objectives once under strategic partnerships. The study recommends that Education NGOs should improve on adoption of the strategic partnerships such as networking and sharing of information. Further, it is necessary for education NGOs to come up with constitution that will govern when adopting partnership.Item Critical Success Factors and Performance of Health Projects in Mandera County: Case of Enhancing Quality and Universal Access of Health to Indigenous People.(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024) Akinyi, Orwa ElizabethThe EQUIP project in Mandera East Sub County was meant to counter and mitigate reproductive health challenges such as maternal and infant mortalities. However, since inception, maternal and infant mortalities persisted. Therefore, the EQUIP project is not performing as expected and is characterized by project delays, poor service quality. This study sought: to assess the critical success factors adopted by the EQUIP project; to determine the performance of the EQUIP project; to evaluate the influence of critical success factors on performance of the EQUIP project. The underpinning theory was the Normalization Process Theory, supported by stakeholder theory and human capital theory. The study adopted a descriptive-correlational research design using a census of 110 stakeholders of EQUIP project. The data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires. The study reported that the EQUIP project did not adopt stakeholder engagement, effective communication, project support and capacity development as critical success factors in its operations. The study found a positive correlation between adoption of critical success factors of stakeholder engagement (r = 0.191) effective communication (r = 0.343), project support (r = 0.35) and the performance of the EQUIP project. The findings of this study were consistent with the normalization process theory supported by stakeholder theory and human capital theory. Whereby adoption of success factors under normalization process theory leads to enhanced performance, capacity development through the human capital theory enhances performance and project support and goodwill as a product of stakeholder engagement supports the prerogative of the stakeholder theory. The project contributed to sustainable development goals number 3 on good health and wellbeing through providing information on access to medical care and also on Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) goal 10 on the reduction of inequalities.Item Functional Strategies and Performance of Kenya Revenue Authority(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024-10) Marus, AndrewThe Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA) operates in a challenging environment marked by significant revenue leakage and tax non-compliance. Despite efforts, it has missed its revenue targets in four of the last five financial years, with a substantial deficit of 300 billion Kenyan shillings projected for 2023/2024. Customer satisfaction has also been declining. This study aimed to examine the effect of functional strategies on the performance of KRA. The main objectives of the study were to examine the functional strategies employed by KRA, assess the organizational performance of the KRA, and investigate the effects of functional strategies on the organizational performance of KRA. It (study) aimed to understand the relationship between functional strategies and the performance of KRA, focusing on the specific strategies used, their impact on organizational performance, and how they influence overall outcomes. The study was anchored in the systems theory of management, supported by the diffusion of innovation theory for functional strategies, and the dynamic capabilities theory for organizational performance. The population included 7,955 KRA employees, with a target of 2,009 participants based at the Nairobi headquarters. A sample size of 322 respondents was selected using stratified sampling to ensure representation from senior officers, middle-level officers, and ordinary staff. Data was collected through questionnaires and interview guides and analyzed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, and thematic content analysis. The study used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 26, for quantitative analysis. Findings indicate that KRA has been employing functional strategies such as marketing, human resources, and research and development strategies, which have positively impacted performance. These strategies have contributed to tax base expansion, revenue growth, and increased brand acceptance. However, the study highlighted the need for deeper integration and alignment of these strategies. It also established a strong positive relationship between functional strategies and organizational performance. The study concludes that the KRA has effectively adopted a variety of functional strategies to enhance its organizational performance and that organizational culture plays a crucial moderating role in the relationship between KRA’s functional strategies and its performance outcomes. Recommendations include fostering cross-functional team collaboration and developing a unified strategic framework to optimize resources and enhance efficiency. Overall, the study underscores the importance of effectively implementing functional strategies to meet revenue targets, expand the tax base, and improve the brand.Item Effect of Total Quality Management Practices on Organizational Performance in The Insurance Industry: A Case of ICEA Lion Group, Kenya.(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024) Gathoni, Gichuhi ElizabethThe adoption of total quality management (TQM) practices by organizations often presents a variety of challenges that can significantly impact their overall performance. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of TQM practices specifically within the insurance sector, focusing on the case study of ICEA Lion Group in Kenya. To guide this investigation, several key objectives were established. Firstly, the study sought to identify and describe the specific TQM practices implemented at ICEA Lion Group. Secondly, it aimed to assess the various measures of organizational performance utilized by the company. Finally, the study endeavored to determine the direct effects of TQM practices on the organizational performance of ICEA Lion Group. The theoretical framework underpinning this study is grounded in several key theories: Deming’s Theory, which emphasizes the importance of quality and continuous improvement; Total Quality Management (TQM) Theory, which provides a comprehensive approach to long-term success through customer satisfaction; and Resource-Based Theory, which focuses on leveraging organizational resources for competitive advantage. A descriptive research design was adopted for this study, which allowed for the collection of extensive data regarding the variables of interest. The research population consisted of 130 employees from the various departments at the ICEA Lion Group headquarters, from which 98 employees were selected as the target population for this study. To ensure a representative sample, a stratified random sampling technique was employed, capturing respondents from different levels of management, ranging from lower to top management. Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23, which facilitated the processing of the collected information from the respondents. The results were then presented in a variety of formats, including tables, figures, percentages, and frequencies, to effectively communicate the findings. The findings of the study indicated a clear influence of TQM practices on the organizational performance of ICEA Lion Group. Based on these findings, the study put forth several recommendations, including the necessity for increased investment in effective management styles, greater opportunities for employee participation in decision-making processes, enhanced budgeting for research and development initiatives, and the adoption of modern, advanced technologies to streamline processes. These measures are expected to promote optimal organizational success and improve overall performance within the company.Item Influence of Stakeholder Management on Performance of Social Public-Private Partnership Projects in Nairobi: A Case of Ajira Digital Program(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024-10) Mwaniki, LlyordTo satisfy beneficiaries' expectations and alleviate their socioeconomic inequities, social Public-Private Partnership Projects need to do well in terms of reaching project objectives, completing them on time, and using resources prudently. In Kenya, the performance of Ajira Digital Program, an SPPP, is debatable as it struggles to meet its objectives of realizing set job creation targets, coupled with delays in project completion. More so, the project resources are not efficiently utilised. Given that the success of Social PPP projects hinges on effective relationship management between public and private entities, stakeholder management is paramount. However, despite empirical literature showing that effectively managing stakeholders may impact project performance and outcomes, most research reveals contextual, conceptual, and methodological gaps. Therefore, the present research was necessary to address the knowledge vacuum about how stakeholder management methods affect the performance of social projects, even though stakeholder management is crucial to the success of PPP initiatives. This research evaluated the way stakeholder management influenced social public-private partnership (PPP) initiatives' productivity in Nairobi County. The precise goals were to evaluate the stakeholder management techniques employed by Ajira Digital Program in Nairobi, establish performance indicators for the program, and evaluate the impact of stakeholder management on the program's performance. The underlying theories included Participation Approach Theory, Stakeholder Theory, and Corporate Citizenship Theory. The 1707 Ajira Digital Program stakeholders, including youth, employers, development partner representatives, and government representatives, were the study's target population. It used a descriptive research design. Purposively, a sample size of 174 people was drawn from the target population. An unstructured questionnaire with both closed- and open-ended questions was used to gather the data. Thus, both qualitative and quantitative data were used in the study. Pretests for the questionnaire's validity and reliability were conducted applying content validity tests and Cronbach alpha. Narrative analysis was used to examine the qualitative data, while quantitative analysis was used to analyse the quantitative data and provide descriptive statistics. In order to determine the connection between stakeholder management and the social public-private partnership initiatives at Ajira Digital Program, the study also conducted a correlation analysis. The study found that assessing the impact of each stakeholder on the organisation is essential, project performance is high, and stakeholder management has a moderately significant influence on performance. The study found that when government policies is introduced as a control variable, it weakens the overall relationship between stakeholder management and program performance. The study recommends that social public-private partnership projects should; ensure that they adopt an effective stakeholder management practice, sustain and build on their performance by expanding their reach to other counties across Kenya, and ensure that stakeholder management is consistently aligned with project performance objectives.Item Integrated Supply Chain Management Practices and Organizational Performance of Donor-Funded Projects in Kamukunji Sub County, Nairobi County.(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024) Muthoni, Kibe FaithIntegrated Supply Chain Management Practices (ISCMP) are a holistic approach of managing goods and materials thought the supply chain. The timely completion of donor-funded projects is often a critical factor and measure of project success. However, many developing countries where such projects are implemented often face delays in the delivery of these projects. Donor-funded projects have come under immense pressure from donors, who provide millions in aid and resources, to demonstrate that they are meeting their objectives in the most efficient and effective manner. The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of integrated supply chain management on organizational performance of donor-funded projects in Kamukunji Sub County, Nairobi County, Kenya. Specifically, the study sought to establish how integrated supply chain management practices were applied in Kamukunji sub county Nairobi County in donor-funded projects. To establish organizational performance of donor-funded projects in Kamukunji Sub County, Nairobi and assess the influence of integrated supply chain management practices on organizational performance of donor-funded projects in Kamukunji Sub County, Nairobi. This study utilized an explanatory research design. The study targeted a population of 200 employees from 13 donor-funded project Kamukunji Sub County, Nairobi County. The study sampled 133 respondents through stratified and simple random sampling Designs. Primary data was collected through questionnaires which were later analyzed using descriptive statistics while secondary data was collected from previous studies, donor-funded project reports, journals, articles, and publications. The instruments were validated through pre-testing while reliability was ensured by supervisors who reviewed the instruments to ascertain that they achieved the objectives of the study. Data analysis included Pearson's correlation analysis, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis to assess the relationships between the variables. Presentation was done in tables, charts and figures for quantitative data and thematic for qualitative data. The study results indicated that there was a significant relationship between functional integration and organization performance. There was a significant relationship between functional integration and organizational performance of donor-funded projects. There was a significant relationship between supplier integration and organizational performance of donor-funded projects. There was a significant relationship between technology integration and organizational performance of donor-funded projects and that there was a significant relationship between customer integration and organizational performance of donor-funded projects. The study confirmed the significant impact of various ISCM practices on the performance of donor-funded projects. Functional integration, supplier integration, and technology integration are essential for enhancing efficiency, effectiveness, and sustainability. However, challenges remain in fully implementing technology systems and improving customer integration practices. Addressing these challenges is crucial for achieving better project outcomes and ensuring the success of donor-funded initiatives. These results are particularly relevant to stakeholders, including project managers, donors, policy makers, and government agencies, as they offer actionable insights into improving project efficiency, effectiveness, and sustainability.Item Supply Chain Management Strategies and Operational Performance of Cement Manufacturing Companies in Kenya: A Case of Savannah Cement(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024) Kisangau, Everlyne KambuaIn today’s competitive business environment, effective competitive business environment have become important determinants of the overall operational performance of organizations. However, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding the effect of supply chain management strategies on operational performance within cement manufacturing firms like Savannah Cement. This study investigates the effect of supply chain management strategies on operational performance in Kenya's cement manufacturing sector, with a focus on Savannah Cement. The research objectives were to: determine the SCM strategies employed by Savannah Cement, assess the operational performance of Savannah Cement, and to assess the effect of supply chain management strategies on operational performance at Savannah Cement. Drawing upon ResourceBased View, performance and efficiency frameworks, the study employed a descriptive research design. Data collection utilized structured questionnaires, and analysis involved descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The study used questionnaires to collect primary data. The questionnaires was pretested among 8 respondents from Bamburi Cements and a Cronbach alpha test was used to determine reliability. Findings revealed that Savannah Cement demonstrated proficient supplier selection strategies and effective engagement with clients. Additionally, the company exhibited timely information sharing strategies and fostered positive relationships with both customers and suppliers. Key operational performance indicators identified included cycle time, product quality, customer growth, and employee morale. All variables revealed a moderately strong correlation to operational performance. Regression findings indicated that supply chain management strategies had a significant positive effect on operational performance in cement manufacturing firms. The study's conclusion underscores the significance of enhancing information sharing, supplier selection processes, and relationships with both customers and suppliers to bolster operational performance. By improving these aspects of supply chain management, cement manufacturing companies can enhance their overall performance and competitive position within the industry. This research contributes to the understanding of supply chain management strategies and their impact on operational performance in the context of Kenya's cement manufacturing sector. The findings offer valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers seeking to optimize supply chain management strategies and enhance the performance of cement manufacturing firms.Item Remote Collaboration Tools and Project Performance: A Case of Cellulant Group, Kenya(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024) Mutave, FaithThe rapid shift toward remote work and the increasing reliance on geographically dispersed teams have made remote collaboration tools essential for effective project management. Despite their widespread use, there remains a gap in understanding how these tools influence key project performance metrics such as timeliness, budget adherence, and stakeholder satisfaction. This study sought to address this gap by investigating how remote collaboration tools impact project performance at Cellulant Group, Kenya, and explored the role of organizational policies in moderating this relationship. Anchored in the Dynamic Capability Theory, Technology Acceptance Model, and Triple Triangle Constraint Theory, the study provided a comprehensive framework for analyzing the interaction between technology and project outcomes. Quantitative data were gathered from a target population of 186 employees, with 153 valid responses collected through structured questionnaires. The study employed a descriptive research design to assess the use of remote collaboration tools and their effect on project performance. Data analysis, performed using SPSS version 27, revealed that video conferencing tools such as Zoom and Google Meet had the most significant positive impact on project performance, enhancing communication, timely delivery, and stakeholder satisfaction. Instant messaging tools like Slack and WhatApp were also found to improve coordination, while project management tools such as ClickUp contributed to better task management. The study concluded that optimizing the use of these tools through targeted training, better integration with existing project management systems, and the development of clear organizational policies significantly improved project outcomes. It recommended that organizations invest in continuous skill development for employees, ensure seamless integration of collaboration tools, and implement robust policies that support effective remote teamwork. These strategies can enhance project performance by ensuring projects are delivered on time, within budget, and to the satisfaction of all stakeholders. The findings contributed valuable insights to the body of literature on remote work and project management, offering practical recommendations for organizations aiming to improve performance in an increasingly digital work environment.Item Firm-Level Institutions and Organization Performance of Level Five Hospitals in Nairobi County, Kenya: A Case of Mbagathi County and Referral Hospital.(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024) Njeri, Mugi FlorenceKenya's healthcare system faces high maternal mortality rates and financial losses due to poor hospital management and inefficiencies. These challenges are exacerbated by inadequate regulations, resource limitations, and staff issues, undermining the quality of care in healthcare. Organization performance is influenced by various firm-level institutions such as reward systems, leadership, organizational structure, financial resources, and competencies. Understanding the impact of these factors on healthcare is crucial for addressing the systemic issues and improving overall outcomes. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of firm-level institutions on the organization performance of level five hospitals in Nairobi County, a case of Mbagathi County and Referral Hospital. The objectives of the study were to examine firm-level institutions adopted by Mbagathi County and Referral Hospital, to assess the organization performance of Mbagathi County and Referral Hospital and to establish the effect of firm-level institutions on organizational performance at Mbagathi County and Referral Hospital. The study was underpinned by Institutional Theory, Resource-Based View, and Resource Dependency Theory. The researcher employed descriptive correlational research design, targeting a population of 376 respondents. A sample size of 194 was determined using the Yamane Formulae, but ultimately, 182 respondents participated. The study adopted stratified Random sampling technique, data was collected through a structured questionnaire, which was tested for reliability and validity prior to the data collection process. The analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26 to perform statistical evaluations. The study established that Mbagathi County and Referral Hospital implemented firm-level institutions, with leadership and organizational culture significantly influencing outcomes, while reward systems had limited impact. Employee dissatisfaction related to the nurse-to-patient ratio and resource availability underscored the need for improved workload management and career development opportunities. The study concluded that effective leadership and a strong organizational culture are crucial for enhancing performance, with leadership positively impacting both outcomes and culture. While reward systems contributed to performance, they did not significantly influence culture or leadership. Pearson correlation findings indicated effective leadership (r = 0.747, p = 0.048) and strong organizational culture are critical for enhancing organizational performance. While reward systems correlate with performance (r = 0.640, p = 0.031), they have limited influence on leadership or culture. This highlighted that leadership and culture are more vital for driving overall success. The study recommends fostering strong leadership and a positive organizational culture to improve performance. It emphasized the importance of inspiring leaders and creating collaborative environments, as well as aligning reward systems with these goals to reinforce desired behaviors and promote success.Item Financial Regulations on Financial Performance of Large-Tiered Deposit Taking Saccos in Nairobi City- Kenya.(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024) Mkanjala, Mkala FlorenceAround the world, Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations are acknowledged as significant engines of economic expansion. More than any other kind of financial institution, SACCOs continue to be the major participants in the financial services industry in Kenya. This study investigated the financial regulations on the financial performance of SACCOs (large-tiered deposit-taking savings and credit cooperative societies) located in Nairobi County, Kenya. The research aimed to analyze the compliance status of financial regulations and determine the financial performance of large-tiered Deposit-taking SACCO in Nairobi County. This has provided insight into how the regulatory frameworks established by the Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority (SASRA) affect SACCOs' financial and operational outcomes, given the industry's vital role in the local economy. The study's theoretical framework was based on an in-depth examination that integrates regulatory compliance theory, stakeholder theory, and the Resource-based perspective (RBV). Through the perspective of the conceptual framework, the interactions between financial regulations and Larger-Tiered Deposit Taking SACCOs performance were examined. Methodologically, the target population consisted of 20 registered Larger-Tiered Deposit-Taking SACCOs. Six were purposely selected. Regression and correlation analysis were carried out on secondary data, mostly obtained from financial accounts and SASRA's publications, and analyzed using SPSS software. The findings revealed that the capital adequacy regulations on Larger-Tiered Deposit Taking SACCOs were compliant at 100 percent on average and had better financial performance as seen by rising dividends per. Basing on the interest cover as a measure of performance in this study there was a noticeable drop over the 5 years period revealing rise in interest expense. According to the study's findings, SACCOs with high capital adequacy of more than the required regulations of SASRA are more likely to operate well, as seen by growing dividends from 8.92 to 11.33. The trend toward decreasing interest cover from 3.24 to 2.85 suggests possible financial strain, alerting and Larger-Tiered Deposit Taking SACCO management to the need for improved financial management. Strategic decisions and policy formation by SACCOs that better balance performance and regulatory compliance can benefit from these insights. There may be a need for additional specialized regulations that especially address the particular difficulties faced by large tiered DT SACCOs, as seen by the positive but negligible association between performance and financial regulations. The results could lead to the improvement of regulatory frameworks by SASRA and other policymakers, to improve SACCO performance without adding unnecessary costs.Item Change Management Practices and Performance of Public Healthcare Institutions in Kenya: A Case of Kenyatta National Hospital.(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024) Omondi, FredrickPerformance of Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) is characterized by a number of twists and turns. There have been efforts to transform KNH and other public institutions in the Kenya’s healthcare industry since independence in 1963. Despite adopting the transformations, the hospital is still characterized by a number of challenges which include low patient satisfaction, long turn-around of services, and low revenue growth amongst others. This study therefore examined the effect of change management practices on performance of healthcare institutions in Kenya using Kenyatta National Hospital as a case example. The objectives of the study included establishing the effect of strategy on the performance of public healthcare institutions in Kenya, evaluating the influence of leadership style on performance of public healthcare institutions in Kenya and assessing the role of structure and systems on performance of public healthcare institutions in Kenya. The study adopted four theories which include, McKinsey 7s theory, Kurt Lewin’s Model theory, Contingency Theory and Resource-Based View Theory. The study was anchored on the McKinsey’s elements that influences performance of an organization. The study used descriptive and correlational research designs. The study was carried out at Kenyatta National Hospital in Kenya with a total population of 4,613 staff members. The target population was made up of 200 staff members which will include the senior management, middle managers and supervisors via census approach. The sample size for the study was 154. Structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data. The questionnaires were administered through a drop and pick technique. A simple random sampling was used to get the participants from each category. Content validity was used to test for validity with a content validity index of 0.81. Cronbach Alpha coefficient was used in testing reliability. The relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables was tested using correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. The data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics on SPSS software in order to achieve the objectives of the study. The results have been presented in form of figures and tables. From the research findings, the study found a significant impact of the independent variables on performance of the hospital based on regression analysis as follows: Strategy (r = 0.457, p < 0.001), leadership style (r = 0.399, p < 0.001), structures and systems (r = 0.399, p < 0.001) and government policies (r = 0.468, p < 0.001). There was also a significant moderating effect on performance of the hospital by government policies and regulations. Finally, the study established a significant positive correlation between change management practices and organizational performance at the Kenyatta National Hospital with a moderating effect of the government policies and regulations. Thus, further studies should focus on the other factors that affect performance of the organization. These study findings will go a long way in describing how to manage the evolving changes in the socio-political environment and the shortfalls of the previous studies.Item Internal Environmental Scanning Techniques and Organizational Performance of Real Estate Firms in Kenya: A Case of Cytonn Investments Limited.(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024) Opondo, Fredrick O.Many real estate firms in Kenya are in danger of near collapse due to various challenges they are currently facing, ranging from customer dissatisfaction to management issues. The latter has severely affected their performance in terms of sales volume, a situation that calls for urgent intervention measures. Internal environmental scanning techniques are one example of indispensable intervention for turning around the performance of any organization as they inform decision-making in many crucial areas. The purpose of this study was therefore to examine the relationship between internal environmental scanning techniques and the organizational performance of real estate firms in Kenya with a focus on Cytonn Investment Limited. This study’s specific research objectives were (i) to determine the extent to which internal environmental scanning techniques have been implemented by real estate firms in Kenya, (ii) to evaluate the level of organizational performance of real estate firms in Kenya (iii) to analyze the relationship between internal environmental scanning techniques and organizational performance of real estate firms in Kenya and (iv) to assess the moderating effect of market conditions on the relationship between internal environmental scanning techniques and organizational performance of real estate firms in Kenya. The study was guided by three theories, including the Resource-Based View, the Dynamics Capability Theory, and the Contingency Theory. The study adopted a correlational survey research design and targeted a population of the 470 employees of Cytonn investments from which a sample of 423 was selected by stratified sampling technique. Data was collected using structured questionnaires whose validity and reliability were assessed beforehand using expert advice and internal consistency methods. Data was analyzed both descriptively (using frequencies, mean and standard deviation) and inferentially using correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings revealed that internal environmental scanning techniques at cytonn investments were applied at four levels thus; organizational structure, capability assessment, resource auditing and organizational culture. It was also revealed that the organizational performance of cytonn was low, given that majority of the respondents were non-affirmative of the statements concerning organizational performance therein, from the positively worded statements. Findings also indicated that there was a non-significant weak positive relationship between internal two internal environmental scanning techniques (capability assessment and resource auditing) and organizational performance at cytonn. Moreover, a significant moderate positive association was found between organizational structure and organizational culture with respect to organizational performance. Market conditions were on the other hand found to improve the relationship between internal environmental scanning techniques and organizational performance of real estate firms in Kenya. It is therefore recommended that real estate firms, especially cytonn investments reviews their capability assessment and resource auditing policies, so as to improve their organizational performance.Item Risk Management Practices and Project Success: A Case Study of Africa Center for Health Systems Research & Management in Nairobi - Kenya(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024-10) Wesa, Laura WereProject Management is an intricate and demanding endeavor that requires meticulous planning, strategic foresight and proper implementation. In recent years, the prevalence of risks within projects has increased, presenting various operational, financial, resource, and strategic-level challenges that can significantly impact project success. As a result, risk management has emerged as a critical component in ensuring project success. The study examined the influence of risk management practices on project success. A case study of Africa Centre for Health Systems Research and Management. The objectives that guided the study were: to examine risk management practices as employed by Africa Centre for Health Systems Research and Management specifically in their HIV and AIDS projects, to evaluate project success based on timely completion, stakeholder satisfaction and overall achievement of project deliverables to investigate the influence of risk management practices on project success outcomes. The theories that guided this research include: Enterprise Risk Management theory; Network theory and Theory or constraints. The study adopted a descriptive research design and used primary data in the form of an administered questionnaire. 76 respondents from Africa Centre for Health Systems Research and Management in Nairobi County, project staff add up the target population. Given the relatively small size of the target population, a census was used. Data was analyzed using SPSS and presented in terms of tables, graphs and percentage. The study's findings revealed that risk management practices at ACHESREM were well-implemented, particularly in the areas of risk identification (mean = 4.03, SD = 0.72) and risk assessment (mean = 3.95, SD = 0.72). However, there was room for improvement in risk mitigation strategies (mean = 3.86, SD = 0.73). Project success was generally achieved, with stakeholder satisfaction (mean = 4.03, SD = 0.89) and deliverables achievement (mean = 4.02, SD = 0.86) scoring well, though challenges were noted in timely completion of projects (mean = 3.66, SD = 0.86). Correlation analysis demonstrated a moderate positive relationship (r = 0.538, p < 0.01) between risk management practices and project success. Additionally, regression analysis indicated that 28.9% of the variance in project success could be explained by the effectiveness of risk management practices (R² = 0.289). The F-statistics of 25.224 (p = 0.000) confirmed the significance of the model. The study concluded that enhancing risk management practices, especially in mitigation strategies, would likely improve project outcomes. The study recommends improving time management, adopting stronger risk mitigation measures, and fostering a positive risk culture to further enhance project success at ACHESREMItem Community Participation and Sustainable Livelihood Projects in Kenya: A Case of Justice and Mercy in Homa Bay County(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024-10) Obbayi, MaureenThe goal of development projects is to improve people’s lives, yet often, the intended benefits are not fully realized due to the limited involvement of project beneficiaries. This study examined how community participation influenced the success of sustainable livelihood projects, a case of the JAM Project in Homa Bay County. The objectives of the study were: to identify how beneficiary communities participate in the JAM sustainable livelihood projects; to examine the benefits of the JAM sustainable livelihood projects to beneficiaries; and to assess the influence of community participation on sustainable livelihood outcomes. The study was premised on the Stakeholder theory, the Ladder of Citizen Participation and the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA) Framework. This study adopted a concurrent mixed methods design. 105 participants were sampled, including direct project beneficiaries and core JAM project team members. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data, which was analyzed using the SPSS statistical package to generate descriptive statistics and presented using statistical tables. Qualitative data was collected through open-ended interview schedules and analyzed thematically. Results of the model summary from correlation of variables produced R-square value of 0.176 with a significant p-value of 0.012 indicating that 17.6% of variations in sustainable livelihoods are triggered or correctly preceded by community participation in projects. Additionally, all parameter estimates had p-values <0.05 indicating their high significance. The findings revealed moderate though significant participation by the beneficiaries in the JAM projects, as well as evident livelihood benefits including increased income and food security, new skills and mutually benefiting social networks. The study concluded that greater participation of project beneficiaries across all phases of the project cycle would have had a greater impact on the sustainable outcomes. The study recommends enhanced project scope definitions, as well as greater investments in project budgets and project scheduling to accommodate meaningful bottom-up approaches. It further recommends stronger community-infused monitoring and evaluation processes, and genuine opportunities to make necessary project adjustments for outcomes that better suit community needs and priorities.Item Effect of Insurance Penetration Strategies on Financial Performance of Insurance Companies in Kenya(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024) Ndunge, Musyoki FaithInsurance is vital in an economy from its role in cushioning economies against major risks thus ensuring stability and boosting investor confidence. Based on this, there is need to study on the specific strategies to boost insurance penetration by mitigating against known barriers to insurance uptake in such economies and the impact this has on financial performance of insurance companies. These strategies to boost insurance penetration are referred to as insurance penetration strategies. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of insurance penetration strategies on financial performance of insurance companies in Kenya. The specific objectives were to investigate the extent of usage of penetration strategies by insurance companies in Kenya; to determine the financial performance of insurance companies in Kenya and to determine the effect of the penetration strategies on financial performance of insurance companies in Kenya. The study is anchored on Scenario Thinking Theory which gives a link between the strategies and the barriers to insurance uptake they seek to mitigate against. This is supported by Marketing Theory and Innovation Theory that breaks down the broad strategies into specific strategies for analysis. The data was collected from managers of the targeted 58 insurance companies in Kenya as identified by IRA. For manageability, the study used simple random sampling to have a total of 188 respondents. For data collection, structured questionnaires were used. This was administered via Google forms to allow more effective data collection. Secondary data on the other hand was obtained from IRA industry report for the year 2023/2024. The data collected was first analyzed for measures of central tendency followed by a regression analysis due to the existence of multiple independent variables against a single dependent variable. To ensure adherence to ethics, the researcher sought authorization from DU-ISERC and NACOSTI which involved submission of the research proposal and data collection instruments for scrutiny on adherence to ethical standards. Additionally, the data collection instruments were anonymous with the respondents not disclosing any information that would identify them. The study found a high impact of digitization, Product packaging and pricing strategy on insurance penetration, profitability and capital efficiency thus high impact on financial performance of insurance companies. The study additionally found that that improved internal efficiency such as digitization and product packaging have a higher impact on financial performance of insurance companies as opposed to strategies that concentrated on customer base expansion such as pricing strategy. The study therefore recommends for a paradigm shift to focus more on internal efficiency enhancing strategies. The researcher further recommends for researchers to use integrated approach to measuring performance instead of using a single indicator such as penetration or profitability which are the most commonly used by the previous studies. This is because an integrated approach is more comprehensive.Item Strategic Management Practices and Delivery of Universal Health Coverage Services at Kenyatta National Referral Hospital, Kenya(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024-10) Odhiambo, Marion AtienoKenyatta National Referral Hospital through her strategic goals aims to be at the forefront in delivering universal health coverage services in Kenya. The hospital provides specialized medical services and serves as a training center. However, Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) has been encountering numerous challenges in fulfilling its primary responsibilities of effective delivery of Universal Health Coverage Service (UHCs). This includes financial limitations, outdated equipment, insufficient specialized staff, and a growing workload. Main aim of this study was to assess the effect of strategic management practices on delivery of universal health coverage services at Kenyatta National Referral Hospital, specified goals were to; establish the role of strategic leadership, Information Communication Technology (ICT) Innovation, human capital management and communication practices on delivery of universal health coverage services at KNH. The study was anchored on the Upper Echelon theory supported by the Resource-Based View theory and the Technology Acceptance Theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The overall population of the study was 6050 employees at KNH while 194 was the target population that constituted management involved in strategy development and implementation. Stratified random sampling was used to stratify respondents into strata comprising of departments (Surgical Services Staff, Medical Services Staff, Diagnostics Services & Health Information Staff, Pharmaceutical Services, Nursing Services, and Quality healthcare Service Staff, Planning and Strategy staff and Finance. Ppurposive sampling was used to select 194 management staff involved in formulation and enforcement of strategies at KNH. Actual respondents were selected via simple random sampling. The research employed questionnaires to gather primary data. The questionnaires underwent pre-testing with 19 respondents at Kenyatta University Teaching and Referral Hospital, constituting 10% of the sample size. Reliability tests were performed utilizing Cronbach's alpha, with a minimum threshold of 0.70. Face and concept validity were determined by the evaluation of supervisors and specialists in the field of research. Data analysis was conducted utilizing descriptive statistics, including mean, frequency, and standard deviation. The study employed inferential statistics, namely simple and multiple regressions, to ascertain the link between variables, and utilized the Pearson correlation coefficient to determine the strength of this relationship. Data analysis was facilitated with SPSS version 26. Presentation of data was done using tables and graphs. On the basis of the findings, recommendations were made. The findings show that strategic leadership was positively correlated with universal health coverage at Kenyatta National Referral Hospital. It was found that ICT can improve Kenyan healthcare by boosting access, quality, cost-effectiveness, and policy-making. For human capital, maintaining good care standards requires employee incentive. The study recommended that on policy and practice on strategic leadership, KNH should consider reviewing and improving a comprehensive strategic plan that aligns goals with the broader national UHC agenda and should consider developing and integrating telemedicine platforms to provide remote consultations, followups, and specialist services. Further research should be carried out and consideration should be geared towards identifying other additional variables that may have influence on delivery of Universal health coverage services in medical facilities. Similarly, a combination of other referral hospitals should also be given priority in the research to obtain comparative findings from the current research findings obtained at KNH.Item Inventory Management Systems and Financial Performance of Logistic Firms in Nairobi County: A Case of Dalsey Hillblom Lynn (DHL) -Kenya(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024) Wahu, Njoroge EuniceIneffective inventory management systems have caused supply chain enterprises to lose a lot of money thus affecting their overall performance. This happens frequently in the logistics industry, and it can be caused by a variety of things, including corruption, poor quality goods and services, and cancellations of contracts. Further, DHL (K) Global Forwarding generated equity of 59,000 euros with a net income of -571,000 euros in 2021 while DHL (K) Supply Chain reported a 2.018 equity and -1.064 net income. The negative net income shows a financial performance concern for DHL (K). The study thus focused on the effect of inventory management systems on the financial performance of logistic firms in Nairobi: a case of DHL Group-Kenya. The study had three specific objectives: To find out the inventory management systems used by DHL Group-Kenya, to assess the level of financial performance of DHL Group-Kenya, and to determine the effect of inventory management systems on financial performance of DHL Group-Kenya. The theories governing the study included Theory of Inventory and Production, Adaptive Structuration Theory, and Lean theory. Regarding methodology, the study used explanatory research design while the population was all the 365 employees including subordinate staff while target population was 267 employees from across all departments of DHL Group-Kenya based at the head office-DHL House, Mombasa Road-Nairobi, near City Cabanas. Using Yamane 1967 formula, the sample size was 160 respondents. Further, the study used stratified random sampling in selecting a final sample size of 160 respondents. The primary data was collected using closed ended questionnaire. Validity was tested using content validity index (CVI) while reliability was tested using Cronbach alpha coefficients. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlations, and multiple linear regression. Statistical Packages for Social Sciences for analysis (SPSS) version 25 was used to process data. The study found that the company used material requirement planning, Just-In-Time, and Vendor managed inventory as inventory management systems and they had positive effect on financial performance. The technology was also found to have positively moderated the relationship between inventory management systems and financial performance. The study concludes that the company uses material requirements planning (MRP), Just-In-Time (JIT), and vendor managed inventory (VMI) to promote supply dependability, reduce waste, and to enhance timely service delivery. In reference to financial performance, the study concludes that the company guaranteed timely service delivery and quality services and this has led to increased customer base and customer satisfaction. On effect of inventory management systems on financial performance, the study concludes that inventory management techniques improved financial performance as supported by evidenced improved customer satisfaction levels, lower expenses’ cost, and possession of better stock control. On technology, it concludes that the company has resorted into using Internet of Things (IoT), supply automation for service delivery, and robotic technology to reduce costs of operations and consequently, financial performance. On inventory management systems, the study recommends that the company should invest in sophisticated inventory management systems including data analytics tools that enable effective and efficient use of MRP, JIT, and VMI. Regarding financial performance, it recommends that to improve service delivery and, ultimately, customer happiness, the company should set up frequent channels for consumer feedback via questionnaires, reviews, and direct communication to continuously monitor and evaluate overall customer satisfaction and service delivery. On the effect of inventory management systems on financial performance, the study recommends that the company should completely implement JIT, MRP, and VMI inventory system.Item Strategic Innovation and Organizational Performance of Private Chartered Christian Universities in Kenya: A Case of Daystar University(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024-10) Mbama, Lucy KalonduBoth private and public universities operate in a very dynamic, stiff, unpredictable, and competitive business environment. As a result, institutions should embrace strategic innovation to enhance their growth capacities and capitalize on available opportunities. The study aimed at determining the strategic innovations used by Daystar University to gain a competitive advantage especially in this business environment, which is dynamic, turbulent, and unpredictable where higher learning private institutions need to adapt new strategies to respond to the environmental changes. The Purpose of this study was to determine the effect of strategic innovation on performance of Private Chartered Christian Universities in Kenya. This research had specific objectives which included establishing how technological innovation affect the performance of Christian chartered private universities in Kenya , assessing the effect of marketing innovation on performance of Christian chartered private universities in Kenya and examining the effect of product innovation on performance of Christian chartered private universities in Kenya. The study was guided by three theories namely, Resource Based View Theory, Diffusion of Innovation theory and Dynamic Capabilities Theory. The study employed explanatory research design, a census, and a target population of sixty respondents in the top leadership positions Daystar University. The results obtained from this study will help government parastatals in providing quality services and Daystar University management in reviewing their strategies for better decision making and improved performance. Using a descriptive research design, data was analysed in terms of percentages, mean, standard deviation and tables. Charts and graphs were produced by use of SPSS version 23 for quantitative data analysis to elicit the findings considering the research questions. Based on the inferential statistics the study results showed that strategic innovations have a positive and statistical effect on performance of Daystar University (β1=0.819, p-value=0.000). The coefficient of 0.819 indicates that for every unit increase in strategic innovations, organizational performance is estimated to increase by 0.819 units. The study recommended that, technological innovation, marketing innovation and product innovation have statistically significant effect on performance of organization. The study also suggested that Christian private chartered universities should embrace strategic innovations to promptly address issues and improve service quality emphasizing the need for further research on related topics in Christian private chartered universities for a broader understanding of potential challenges and solutions in the wider context of Christian private chartered universities in Kenya.Item Blue Ocean Strategy and Organizational Performance of Jomo Kenyatta International Airport Freight Management Companies in Kenya.(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2024) Gatwiri, Murithi GetrudeThe freight management companies at Jomo Kenyatta International Airport in Nairobi, Kenya are facing significant performance challenges caused by market saturation and increasing operation cost. Furthermore, profit margins for many freight forwarders and cargo handling companies operating at JKIA are under pressure, with some reporting declines of 10-15% over the past 3 years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of blue ocean strategy on performance of JKIA freight Management Companies in Kenya. The specific objectives were to assess the extent of adoption of blue ocean strategy by JKIA freight Management Companies in Kenya, to evaluate the organizational performance of JKIA freight Management Companies in Kenya and to determine the effect of blue ocean strategy on organizational performance of JKIA freight Management Companies in Kenya. The study further sought to determine the moderating effect of organizational culture on the relationship between blue ocean strategy and organizational performance of JKIA freight Management Companies in Kenya. It was anchored on the Resource Based View and dynamic capabilities Theory. The study employed descriptive and explanatory research design. The population in this study was all the 40 freight management companies in JKIA. The target population was all the 534 top and middle level management employees in the freight management companies in JKIA. A sample of 229 employees was selected using stratified random sampling technique. This study collected primary data using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis entailed descriptive and inferential statistics. The descriptive statistics include means, frequencies and standard deviations while inferential statistics entailed Pearsons’s correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. The study revealed that JKIA freight management companies have adopted various aspects of the Blue Ocean Strategy, including differentiation, cost leadership, and value creation, all of which significantly contribute to their organizational performance. Most firms have implemented advanced technologies, customized services, lean management practices, and flexible pricing, which have improved operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. Additionally, the study found that a positive and significant relationship exists between Blue Ocean Strategy elements and performance (β=0.879,p=0.002), and that organizational culture moderates and the relationship between BOS and performance(β=0.227,p=0.006). It was concluded that most JKIA freight management companies have adopted Blue Ocean Strategy. It was concluded that the firms have automated logistics processes to increase productivity and reduce labor costs. It was also concluded that the companies excel in shipment accuracy, timeliness, and minimizing damage, but there is room for improvement in fleet management. It was also concluded that differentiation, cost leadership, and value creation significantly influence performance. It was as well concluded that organizational culture, enhances the relationship between Blue Ocean Strategy and performance in these firms. Based on the study’s findings, it was recommended that the companies may continue optimizing their transportation routes and modes to reduce fuel consumption and delivery expenses while expanding the adoption of fuel-saving technologies. These firms may also deepen their investment in automation and lean management techniques to further eliminate waste, enhance operational efficiency, and reduce labor costs.