School of Arts and Social Sciences

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An Assessment of Monitoring And Evaluation Systems On Provision Of Health Services In Kenya: A Case Of Kenyatta University Teaching, Referral & Research Hospital In Nairobi County
(School of Human and Social Science, Daystar University, 2023-10) Ludenyo, Elvis Ingadi
ABSTRACT The study aimed to assess the role of monitoring and evaluation systems on provision of health services in Kenya with a case of Kenyatta university teaching, referral & research hospital in Nairobi County. The objectives that guided the study included: i. To examine the existing M&E systems within health management systems across KUTRRH in Kenya; ii. To investigate the percentage level of use of monitoring and evaluation systems within health management information systems at KUTRRH in Kenya; iii. To evaluate how the integration of monitoring and evaluation systems impact service delivery across KUTRRH in Kenya; iv. To identify the challenges faced by KUTRRH in Kenya when implementing monitoring and evaluation systems within their health management information systems. The research questions that guided the study included: i. What are the existing M&E systems within health management systems across KUTRRH in Kenya? ii. What is the percentage level of use of monitoring and evaluation systems within health management information systems at KUTRRH in Kenya? iii. Does the integration of monitoring and evaluation systems impact service delivery across KUTRRH in Kenya? iv. What are the challenges faced by KUTRRH in Kenya when implementing monitoring and evaluation systems within their health management information systems? The study was guided by the theory of change and resource based theory as they are tools used for developing solutions to complex social problems thus leading to necessary change. Similarly, the resource-based theory provides direction for implementation. Descriptive research design was used. The study population for this study was 3,500 employees of Kenyatta University Teaching, Referral & Research Hospital. From the 3500 population from all the departments the key target population was 80 participants derived from the project management and research team which is mainly responsible of M&E. The researcher conducted the study with a sample size of 80 respondents whereby 73 respondents represented the project management & research team who responded to questionnaires while 7 respondents represented key resource respondents who participated in interviews. The main objective of purposive sampling procedure was to arrive as at a sample that can adequately answer the research objectives.
An Assessment Of The Economic And Social Reintegration Of Returning Foreign Terrorist Fighters In Kwale County, Kenya
(School of Arts and Social Sciences, Daystar University, 2024-10) Lillian Leposo
ABSTRACT The Global Terrorism Index indicates that Sub-Saharan Africa is currently “the epicenter of terrorism” accounting for almost half of the terrorism-related deaths in the world. Therefore, there is urgent need to shrink the pool for recruitment of potential terrorist fighters. To accomplish this, counter-terrorism operations, and its sub-set of countering violent extremism efforts, needs the often-ignored insights and perspectives of the returning foreign ‘terrorist’ fighters (hereafter returnees). Therefore, this study adopted qualitative research carried out in in Kwale County, focused on the government’s amnesty for returnees from Somalia of 2015. Kwale was chosen as a field study site because it is one of the counties – alongside Mombasa and Lamu – that has been a traditional target for radicalization by al-Shabaab and the region that accounts for the largest population of the returnees. The study findings reflect the perspectives of the returnees on the factors that contributed to, and those that impeded the success of their economic and social reintegration back into their host communities. This study recommends that the government treats with urgency the issue of legitimizing the amnesty program through an Act of Parliament. This study focused on the male returnees from Somalia but there were women and children who also returned under the amnesty program. Research findings on these vulnerable groups of people and the challenges that they encounter in their reintegration are largely missing, and so scholarly studies would be beneficial in filling this gap.
An Assessment Of The Efficacy Of National Cohesion And Integration Commission (Ncic) In Violence And Conflict Prevention During Electoral Processes In Kenya: A Case Study Of Nairobi County (2012-2022)
(School of Arts and Humanities, Daystar University, 2023-10) Lenga, Patience. I.,
In Kenya, elections are based on a zero-sum model that predisposes the country to electoral related ethnic conflicts. In response to these conflicts and violent conflicts, Kenya has instituted several measures including the establishment of the NCIC. Despite establishment and operationalization of NCIC, conflicts continue to riddle electoral processes in the country. This study therefore, assessed the efficacy of NCIC investigations on electoral related hate speech and ethnic contempt; evaluated NCIC efforts in sensitizing the public on electoral related hate speech and ethnic contempt; and analyzed the level of public confidence in NCIC in prevention of electoral related conflicts and violence in Kenya. The study is based on the conflict transformation theory and the Rational Choice Theory. Methodologically, the study was based on a case study research design targeting CSOs, citizens in Nairobi County - Mlango Kubwa and Nairobi Central Wards; institutions including NCIC, NSC, the DCI, and KNCHR. Respondents were sampled through purposive and simple random sampling. The researcher gathered data from 200 residents using questionnaires and also interviewed 5 key informants. Descriptive statistics for quantitative data was conducted using SPSS while qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis. Data was presented using narratives, tables and diagrams. The findings show that: electoral-related violence is manifested in a myriad of forms such as psychological abuse; viral attacks; and voter intimidation. It also found that curbing hate speech and preventing electoral related violence in Kenya by the NCIC faces internal and external challenges that limit the effectiveness of the NCIC. On sensitization strategies, the study showed NCIC used strategies including media campaigns, sensitization of election stakeholders, public engagement and awareness. Other impactful strategies were introduction of Amani clubs in schools; conducting peace caravans across Counties; influencing themes in National drama and music festivals; and conducting online and social media initiatives focused on responsible online behavior and digital citizenship. On the public’s confidence in the NCIC, there is lack of trust in the NCIC to deliver competent output. Contrary to this, there is a positive but modest belief that the decision-making process and outputs of the NCIC are achieved through values of transparency and accountability. And lastly, there is also a modest agreement that the NCIC is responsive to public demand on issues of hate speech and ethnic contempt in Kenya. To effectively prevent electoral related conflict and violence in Kenya, the study recommends increased budgetary allocation to NCIC to reinforce its activities and programs, improvement of the Commission’s early warning and rapid response capabilities, the representation of youth amongst the Commissioners, the engagement of stakeholders particularly those in the private sector to complement the Commission’s mandate, the use of ‘a whole -of-community approach in the coming up of integration policies and importantly an update of the laws around hate speech while concurrently addressing the issues around freedom of expression.
An examination into the efficacy of the fida-kenya initiatives for addressing gender based rights violations during the covid19 pandemic in Kenya
(School of Arts and Social Sciences, Daystar University, 2023-10) Allaanuboye-Omoboye, Abigail Aanuoluwapo
ABSTRACT Gender Based Rights Violation (GBRV), a vast reaching issue affecting all genders especially females, persists despite initiatives having been specifically created to address it. COVID19 created a situation that worsened GBRV by providing a suitable environment for its perpetuating, and directly challenged the methods that had been set-up to address GBRV by the forced re-structuring of society and operations. It was important to examine these initiatives as against COVID19 to be better equipped to address GBRV occurring within a humanitarian crisis. Employing the feminism theory and procedural justice theory, this study examined FIDA-Kenya initiatives and their efficacy for addressing GBRV cases during COVID19. The study based on three objectives; investigating the types of GBRV, evaluating the FIDA-Kenya initiatives for addressing GBRV and assessing the efficacy of the FIDA-Kenya initiatives for addressing GBRV during the COVID19 pandemic. It employed qualitative methods, examining 33 respondents. Types of GBRV experienced were rape, defilement, FGM, sodomy, assault, harassment, incest, child custody and maintenance, spousal maintenance, divorce, discrimination in job settings, land and property issues, and succession. Initiatives by FIDA-Kenya included Virtual Justice Centers, Toll-Free Line, Access to Justice Program, Self-Representation Training, Pro-bono Advocates Scheme, Mediation, Psychosocial Support, Alternative Justice Systems, and Strategic Impact Litigation. The study found the initiatives successful for addressing GBRV cases, but limitations on resources often frustrated the efficiency of the initiatives. The study recommends more financial, human and infrastructural resources, and technical literacy. Future studies into the effects of the pandemic on males, and examination of the AJS are recommended.
An Analysis of the Effectiveness of United Nations Population Fund Strategies in Response to Gender-Based Violence in Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo
(Daystar University, School of Arts and Humanities, 2021-10) Muhoza, Rachel Sematumba
Gender Based Violence (GBV) is a widespread global problem affecting all gender and in particular women from all sectors and backgrounds. Various approaches in response to GBV, have been employed; however, the problem persists. Without evaluation of these approaches, the problem is bound to continue. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of the strategies used by the United Nations Population Funds in response to gender-based violence in Goma. The study was based on three objectives, namely, to determine the nature of GBV experienced and reported by women and girls in Goma, assessing the strategies used by the United Nations population funds (UNFPA), raising awareness of GBV and analyze the effectiveness of the strategies employed by UNFPA in dealing with GBV in Goma, DRC. It employed a combination of descriptive and explanatory study designs, employing qualitative methods. The study sampled 48 respondents, the data was analyzed qualitatively guided by the research objectives and presented in narrative form. The findings show that many of the women experienced all sorts of violence such as physical violence and psychological abuse. The findings strategies used by UNFPA to raise awareness were psychological and therapy healing, women empowerment, socio-economic autonomy, and reinforcement of laws and media campaigns. The study also found that although strategies used by UNFPA were successful to some extent, they failed to address traumas for all, health issues, unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortions, rejection and divorce, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and death. This study recommends that war survivors should be counselled before being assimilated within the community. Future study should be done on effects of sexual violence on men and boys in the DRC.
Analysis of the Role of Uniformed National Police Service Women in Counterterrorism in Kenya
(Daystar University School of Arts and Social Sciences, 2022-10) Wangui, Leah Karani
The study analyzed the role of uniformed National Police Service women in Counterterrorism in Kenya. It was informed by the gradual growth of uniformed police women’s integration in counterterrorism to bring into implementation a defined reality. The empowering of uniformed police women to be critical players in counterterrorism portrayed the improvement of the Police reforms enacted by the Government of Kenya. The study had three objectives: to analyze the initiatives of the National Police Service to integrate women in counterterrorism; secondly, to examine the extent uniformed police women were involved in counterterrorism; and thirdly, to analyze the efficacy of the approaches in ensuring the role of uniformed police women in counterterrorism. Moreover, the research is supported by liberal feminism theory that aims to work on a mainstream framework to incorporate women into the legal and political spaces by understanding and deconstructing the social order. It uncovered the realities of the lack of uniformed police women and, therefore, opted for affirmative actions on structural change through proper legislation. The research design appropriate for the study was a qualitative explanatory design informed by the contribution of key informants from the Anti-Terrorism Police Unit of the National Police Service. Ultimately, these respondents attained various points of view that were beneficial for this research, hence, diversifying the experiences and demands of the uniformed police women and men in counterterrorism scopes. Based on the findings, uniformed police women were not prioritized in attaining roles based on their sex but rank and qualifications.
Analyzing Counter-Terrorism Measures in Cybersecurity and Risk Preparedness of the Telecommunication Sector in Kenya: A Case Study of Safaricom Head Office, Nairobi
(Daystar University, School of Arts and Social Sciences, 2023-10) Kamau, Ruth Wanjiku
The rise in cases of cyberattacks has become a call to the telecommunication sector in Kenya to revise and improve its counter terrorism measures to increase their level of risk preparedness against cyberattacks. The study aimed to analyze counter-terrorism measures in cybersecurity and risk preparedness of the telecommunication sector in Kenya. The study was based on three objectives which included; To evaluate the impact of cybersecurity awareness programs on enhancing risk preparedness, to assess the effectiveness of data access control measures in mitigating risks and enhancing risk preparedness, and to examine the role of cybersecurity legal frameworks on the level of risk preparedness in the telecommunication sector in Kenya. The theoretical foundation was based on the concept of Securitization theory which focuses on how security issues are constructed and framed as urgent threats requiring exceptional measure. The study employed a quantitative research design that targeted key informants from the Safaricom Head Office in Nairobi. A structured questionnaire was administered to the key informants to obtain primary data for analysis using the SPSS statistical software generating descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings demonstrated a strong and positive relationship between awareness programs, data access control measures, and legal frameworks with cybersecurity and the level of risk preparedness in Kenya's telecommunications sector. The study concluded that consistent staff training on cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities significantly enhances cybersecurity and risk preparedness, underscoring the importance of investing in training programs and employing cybersecurity experts. The study recommends that telecommunication companies prioritize comprehensive training programs focused on cybersecurity awareness and risk preparedness.
Assessing Challenges of Accessing Safe Water and Their Effects on the Quality of Life of Urban Communities in Kenya: A Case of Residents of Tyson Estate in Nairobi County
(Daystar University School of Human and Social Sciences, 2022-10) Okwirry, Monica
The purpose of the study was to assess the challenges of accessing safe water and their effects on the quality of life of urban communities in Kenya using residents of Tyson Estate in Nairobi County as a case study. Malthusian theory of population and supply induced scarcity theory constituted the theoretical frameworks that guided the study. This study utilized correlation research design. The target population was 300 households that reside in Tyson Estate. A stratified sample of 108 households was selected. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and key informant interview guides. Quantitative data was analyzed using correlation and regression techniques while qualitative data was analyzed using thematic content analysis technique. Results showed that water access challenges significantly explained 14.4% of the variance in respondents’ quality of life, R2=.144, F (3) =3.075, p<.05, although only water affordability challenges had a statistically significant predictive influence on quality of life (B=.252, p<.05). Interview results revealed that challenges of water access varied from one crescent to another. The study concluded that water access challenges had a general adverse effect on the quality of life of urban communities in Kenya. The study has empirically demonstrated that challenges of accessing safe water is a quality-of-life issue among urban communities in Kenya. Nairobi Water and Sewerage Company should prioritize reforms that enhance piped water reliability as a matter of priority. This may necessitate structural investments in water reservoirs and conservancies to ensure volume levels that cope with urban growth is maintained.
Assessing Socio-Economic Factors Contributing To Maritime Insecurity in Kenya The Case of Lake Victoria, Homa Bay County
(Daystar University, School of Human and Social Sciences, 2021-10) Handa, Diana Akama
Maritime security is one of the latest axioms of international relations and diplomacy. It is a term that has drawn attention to new challenges and rallies support for tackling them. The study assessed socio- economic factors contributing to maritime insecurity along the Homa Bay shores of Lake Victoria. This study objectives were: to assess the current status of maritime insecurity at Lake Victoria in Homa Bay County; to find out whether illegal, unregulated, and unreported fishing is a form of maritime insecurity at Lake Victoria in Homa Bay County; and to examine the socio-economic factors contributing to maritime insecurity at Lake Victoria in Homa Bay County. The researcher adopted institutional and routine activity theories as theoretical framework. An exploratory research design that incorporated a qualitative research approach were used in this study. The target population were individual and organisations / institutions from Homa Bay Lake Region site. The study used purposive sampling technique and the principle of saturation to obtain a sample size of 36 participants -12 participants for in-depth interviews and 4 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) of 6 members each. The study adopted qualitative interviews, FGDs, and observation as data generation tools. The study revealed that the main IUU fishing issues in Lake Victoria, Homa Bay County are unauthorized fishing, criminal gangs and pirates, encroachment by foreign fishers, employment of minors/children as fishers, use of prohibited gears and fishing methods, and fishing young, endangered and protected fish species. Moreover, fish stocks in Lake Victoria, Homa Bay county are under threat from IUU fishing. The study recommends that there is a need to have more patrol officers patrolling the waters because this will keep illegal fishers and criminal gangs from roaming freely.
Assessing The Contribution of Youth Enterprise Development Fund In Creating Employment Opportunities: A Case Of Embakasi West Constituency In Nairobi County, Kenya
(School of Applied Human and Social Sciences, Daystar University, 2023-10) Ngei , Faith. M.
ABSTRACT Youth unemployment is a significant problem in Kenya, despite YEDF existing since 2006, yet limited research on its role in youth employment creation in Embakasi West Constituency exists. The objectives of the study included assessing the contribution of YEDF in creating employment opportunities, examining the role of YEDF in supporting and empowering youth entrepreneurship, and investigating the challenges youths face in accessing YEDF. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected in two wards, namely, Umoja 1 and Mowlem. A descriptive survey design was used, with primary data being collected from a random sample of 101 YEDF recipients who benefited between 2020 and 2022, using a semi-structured interview instrument. Additionally, qualitative data was collected from a purposive sample of 10 key informants involved in the administration and implementation of the YEDF in the research constituency. Also, in-depth interviews from a purposive sample of 10 key informants were collected. The data was analyzed statistically and qualitatively. The findings show that 53% of the respondents agree that YEDF has helped reduce youth unemployment, while 67.3% of the youth participants agree that the YEDF training and mentorship programs support youth entrepreneurship and self-employment. Unfriendly loan terms, repayment challenges, and application process complications are identified as key challenges hindering YEDF accessibility to the youth. Relevant research-based solution approaches are suggested to address these challenges. It is recommended that stakeholders restructure the YEDF loan requirements such as collateral, loan amounts, and repayment periods, and revamp the training and mentorship programs to support youth entrepreneurship better.
Assessing the Effects of African Traditional Widowhood Rituals on Widow Rights in Alego Usonga Sub-County, Siaya County, Kenya
(Daystar University, School of Arts and Social Sciences, 2023-07) Williams ,Eleanor Nosurum
Traditional African teachings emphasized the importance of community, mutual respect, and caring, among other principles. However, there was a discrepancy between these teachings and the treatment of widows, as practices such as widowhood rites, female genital mutilation, and betrothal were still prevalent in many parts of the world, including Kenya, despite the existence of international human rights conventions. The objective of the study was to assess the effects of African traditional widowhood rituals on widow's rights in Alego Usonga Sub-County, Siaya County, Kenya. Specifically, the study sought to assess the nature of widowhood rituals in Alego Usonga Sub-County, Siaya County, Kenya; evaluate the extent to which the widowhood rituals affected widow's rights in Alego Usonga Sub-County, Siaya County, Kenya; and analyze the measures put in place to mitigate the infringement of widow's rights in Alego Usonga Sub-County, Siaya County, Kenya. The Theory of Feminist Theory supported this study's topic and the specific objectives. The study used descriptive research. The study population consisted of 600 participants who were the key informants of the study. Based on the Taro Yamane sample size determination formula, the sampled participants who participated were 186. The study relied on structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews as one of the several sources of primary data collection tool. A pilot testing was conducted to confirm the reliability and validity of the research instrument. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with the help of MS Excel. The qualitative data generated from the interviews were analyzed by using content analysis. The narratives were presented around the study objectives, namely, the nature of widowhood rituals, the extent to which the widowhood rituals affected widow's rights, and the efficacy of the measures put in place to mitigate the infringement of widow's rights. A study on widowhood rituals reveals diverse perspectives within the community, highlighting variations in perceptions of personal hygiene, widow inheritance, stripping of clothes, and stigmatization of widows. The performance of cleansing rituals after the husband's death also receives mixed opinions. The study emphasizes the significant impact of widowhood rituals on widows' lives, including psychological distress, social isolation, economic challenges, and discrimination. Measures to mitigate the infringement of widow's rights, such as education campaigns, enforcement of human rights laws, economic support programs, and legal reforms, receive varying levels of agreement. The study recommends developing programs to address misconceptions, advocating for legal reforms, and fostering community involvement to provide support to widows.
Assessing The Efficacy Of The Traditional Dispute Resolution Mechanisms: Case Of Maslaha System Among Somali Clans In Mandera, Kenya
(School of Arts and Social Sciences, Daystar University, 2023-10) Ali Hassan Abdi
ABSTRACT In Kenya, the perennial conflicts between pastoralist communities have been a recurring theme and almost the order of the day since immemorial. One notable conflict is inter-clan clashes between and among the Somali clans living in Mandera County. The study aimed to gauge the efficacy of a notable traditional dispute resolution mechanism called the Maslaha system in resolving disputes among the Somali clans in Mandera County. The study was guided by three specific objectives: to examine the nature of conflicts among the Somali clans in Mandera, Kenya. Secondly, the study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the Maslaha system as a traditional dispute resolution mechanism among the Somali clans in Mandera, Kenya, and finally, to evaluate the challenges of using the Maslaha system in resolving disputes among the Somali clans in Mandera, Kenya. Social Conflict theory was used to expound on the existence of conflicts among the clans in the study area. The study employed a mixed method approach where qualitative and quantitative data was gathered for analysis using FGD, key informants, and a questionnaire survey. The study used descriptive and explanatory research design while using purposive sampling techniques to identify key informants and FGD groups. 139 respondents were contacted through a questionnaire, 7 key informants, and 2 FGD groups. The study findings revealed the multifaceted, intricate web of conflict that characterized the clans in the study, ranging from inter-clan to boundary and disputes over resources. The study also revealed that clans in the study area find the Maslaha system as a dispute resolution mechanism and their way of life deeply embedded into their cultural fabric. Finally, the study also established that Maslaha has several weaknesses that should be addressed to fortify the system. Therefore, the study also made some key recommendations on fortifying the Maslaha and making it more effective.
Assessment of factors affecting the regional economic Performance in the east african community
(School of Arts and Social Sciences, Daystar University, 2023-10) Evelyne Habonimana
ABSTRACT This study researched the factors affecting the East African Community’s (EAC) regional economic performance and its implications for sustainable development with Kenya as the case study. EAC member countries aim to enhance economic integration and collaboration amongst them. Despite improvements in regional infrastructure and trade, several obstacles still need to be overcome, including a lack of political will, corrupt practices, weak interstate networks, and trade barriers. The study’s objectives included evaluating the factors and mechanisms contributing to regional economic performance in EAC, with a specific focus on Kenya's role, examining the relationship between governance in Kenya and regional economic performance within the EAC, and analyzing the efficacy of the EAC's cross-border trade mechanisms and processes on economic integration. The study uses the institutional theory, a widely utilized framework to understand how formal and informal institutions influence organizations and people’s societal behavior, challenges, and impacts on regional economic performance in the EAC. The research used a mixed-methods strategy that combines qualitative and quantitative techniques through document analysis, surveys, interviews, and case studies. The findings were evaluated using statistical approaches, content analysis, and thematic analysis to thoroughly understand the variables influencing EAC's regional economic performance, especially in Kenya. The results will guide evidence-based policy decisions and actions for practitioners, academics, and policymakers working in the East African region to contribute to economic growth, trade facilitation, and improved governance, boosting regional prosperity and integration. The study recommends additional research in each East African Community member country, taking into account contextual variances and employing a mix of qualitative and quantitative methodologies to improve knowledge and applicability of important economic performance determinants.
Assessment of Grief and Academic Resilience among Adolescents: Case of Selected Citam-Primary Schools In Nairobi City County, Kenya
(Daystar University, School of Human and Social Sciences, 2023-10) Komu, Purity Esther
Grief can be traumatizing and at times affect someone’s ability to perform particular task or ability to produce a particular outcome. The purpose of this study was to assess grief and academic resilience among adolescent in selected primary schools in Nairobi City County, Kenya. Specifically, the study was guided by the following objectives: to assess the level of grief among adolescent in selected primary schools in Nairobi City County, Kenya. To establish the level of academic resilience among adolescent in selected primary schools in Nairobi City County, Kenya, to investigate the relationship between grief and academic resilience among adolescent in selected primary schools in Nairobi City County, Kenya and to analyze the grief coping strategies among adolescent in selected primary schools in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study was informed by the attachment theory, the dual process model of coping with bereavement theory, and the resilience theory. The study was done in CITAM Woodley Academy. The study used descriptive research design. The study utilized primary data collected using both open ended and closed questionnaires. The study used a sample size of 231 learners. The collected data was analyzed with the aid of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). According to the findings from the Pearsons correlation matrix the study concluded that grief has a statistically significant weak negative relationship between grief and academic resilience of adolescents in selected CITAM-primary schools in Nairobi City County, Kenya.
Assessment on the Nature of Inter-Ethnic Conflict between Communities in Marakwet East Sub-County, Kenya
(Daystar University, School of Arts and Social Sciences, 2023-10) Tuitoek, Amos Kipchirchir
This study conducted an in-depth assessment of inter-ethnic conflict in Marakwet East Sub-County, focusing on the Pokot and Marakwet communities. The persistence in the ethnic strife between the Marakwet and Pokot communities has negatively impacted the development and security of the region for decades. Reports indicate that several lives have been lost and communities displaced due to the protracted conflict despite interventions to resolve it. The three specific objectives that guided the study are: assessing the causes of inter-ethnic conflicts, exploring conflict management strategies, and evaluating their efficacy in the region. Guided by Karl Marx's structural conflict theory and Johan Galtung's conflict transformation theory, this research aimed at a comprehensive understanding of conflict dynamics. A mixed-method approach was employed, with 400 participants selected purposefully to represent the entire population. Primary data was obtained using questionnaires, focus group discussions, and key informants’ interviews while secondary data was obtained through content analysis. Findings revealed multifaceted causes of this fighting, mainly competition over scarce resources (68.44%). Conflict management strategies, such as peace-building initiatives were identified, but with varied success. The study recommends equitable resource-sharing mechanisms, particularly for land and water resources, to reduce conflict triggers and the adoption of alternative economic activities to resolve conflicts. In conclusion, this research enhances our understanding of inter-ethnic conflict dynamics and offers insights for improving conflict management. It emphasizes collaborative efforts among stakeholders to ensure lasting peace between the Pokot and Marakwet communities in the Marakwet East Sub-County.
Assessment on The Role of Intergovernmental Authority on Development (Igad) In Regional Peace and Security A Case of Somalia (2000-2010)
(Daystar University, School of Arts and Humanities, 2021-11) Muinde, Mary
The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which IGAD policies, strategies, and implementation practices have supported the peace process in Somalia. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the efforts adopted by IGAD to restore peace in Somalia, assess the achievements and failures faced by IGAD in its approach to peace building in Somalia and offer sustainable strategies that could be adopted in enhancing sustainable long term peace building mechanism. The central question of this study was to what extent the activities of IGAD have promoted peace and stability in Somalia. The study used two theories: Neo-liberal institutionalist theory which sees institutions as agreements between states whose role is to be a guide for affiliated countries, reduce uncertainty and resolve global and political issues, and the securitization theory, whereby traditionalists, believers of the realist school of thought, define security as freedom from any detached military threat to the state's survival in an anarchic international system. This study used both primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected through three key informant interviews and one focus group discussion. From the findings, the study concluded that IGAD has had numerous achievements; however, it has not yet achieved its mission of sustaining peace in Somalia. Therefore, the study recommends that it is appropriate for IGAD to review its policies and strategies, to attain its goal and mission of sustaining long-lasting peace and harmony in Somalia. The study recommends that other studies should be done on IGAD’s regional cooperation on peace, security, and social development.
Assessment on the Use of Monitoring and Evaluation System in Constituency Development Fund, Nairobi County
(Daystar University, School of Arts and Humanities, 2015-06) Matetai, Monicah
The purpose of this study was to assess the use of monitoring and evaluation system for Constituency Development Fund in Nairobi County. The unit of analysis was the Constituency Development Fund (CDF) in Nairobi County. The study used a descriptive survey research design. The target population comprised 187 committee members of the 17 constituencies. The sample size for this study was55 obtained using simple random sampling. The researcher used a questionnaire to obtain primary data. The questionnaires were self-administered. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented in percentages and frequencies. Qualitative data was analysed using content analysis and presented in prose form. Both quantitative and qualitative data was compiled to generate the final project report. The study concluded that: there exists a functional monitoring and evaluation systems in the Constituency Development Fund in the County of Nairobi. Monitoring and evaluation influenced decision making in the Constituency Development Fund in the County of Nairobi. There existed challenges affecting the effectiveness of monitoring and evaluation system for Constituency Development Fund in the County of Nairobi. Funds work plan and costs should be set aside to enhance monitoring and evaluation activities in the Constituency Development Fund in the County of Nairobi. The study recommends that a further research could be conducted on the same topic but in another County so as to give comparisons to the current study. Similarly, a study can be undertaken to assess the existence of monitoring and evaluation activities in the Youth Development Fund, County Government projects, National Government projects and self-help groups around the country.
Bilateral Labour Agreements between Kenya and Gulf States on the Human Security of Migrant Workers: The Case of Kenyan Domestic Workers in Saudi Arabia
(Daystar University, School of Arts and Social Sciences, 2023-10) Muturi, Maureen Wanjiku
Migration is a key component of our world today and when supported with appropriate policies, can contribute to inclusive and sustainable development in both the sending and receiving states (United Nations et al., 2020). Even with the numerous advantages that come with migration, migrants continue to be among the most vulnerable members of the society (Martius, 2017). The purpose of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of signed Bilateral Labour Agreements (BLAs) between Kenya and Gulf States on the human security of migrant workers. This is particularly for Kenyan migrant domestic workers working in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The study was underpinned on Lee’s Push and Pull theory of migration. Further, the study employed a combination of descriptive and explanatory research designs. Data was collected qualitatively using Focused Group Discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews. The study found that Kenyans seek employment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) due to limited job opportunities and higher wages. Contracts are multilingual, covering working conditions, rights and obligations of parties. Kenyan migrant domestic workers in the KSA faced a number of challenges. These include language barriers, cultures differnces, long working hours with no rest and in some cases, denial of food and medical attention. The study suggested that there is need for a whole government approach to address the welfare and protection of Kenyan migrant workers in KSA, a dedicated budget account, empowerment of the Joint Implementation Committee, establishment of a Diaspora Integrated Information Management System and the lack of government presence in the KSA to be addressed.
Chinese Economic Diplomacy and Real Estate Development in Kenya: Case Study of Lavington Estate in Nairobi, 2002-2020.
(Daystar University, School of Arts and Social Sciences, 2023-09) Kihuria, Gladys Nyawira
The study delved into the relationship between Chinese economic diplomacy and real estate development in Kenya, focusing on the case study of the Lavington Estate in Nairobi from 2002-2020. The research investigates the influence of Chinese economic diplomacy on the development of the Lavington Estate. Kenyan and Chinese political leaders have shaped this economics-driven diplomacy. The study was based on objectives which included examining the nature of Chinese real estate property development in Lavington, assessing the social-economic benefits of Chinese real estate development in Lavington, and investigating the challenges faced by the Chinese real estate developers in Lavington. The study used dependency and the investment theory. It utilized a mixed-method research design. The study used questionnaires and interviews. The findings show that there had been increased traffic congestion that leads to increased stress levels due to the increase of high-rise buildings, gated communities, and commercial spaces. The findings of socioeconomic benefits were by luring in more people and an increase in economic activity. Moreover, encouraging entrepreneurship can help foster economic growth. The study also found that developers must maneuver a network of regulations and laws to approve their projects. Developers might find it challenging to get the permits needed to start construction. The developer must be informed of the local rules and regulations. The developer also has to be aware of any zoning. This study recommends that developers should either look outside Lavington for land. Future studies should be done on the implications of Chinese investment in the real estate sector.
Cognitive Behavioral Play Therapy Efficacy in the Treatment of Gender Symptomatology of Anxiety Disorders among Children A Case of Selected Schools in Dagoretti Sub-County, Nairobi County, Kenya
(Daystar University, School of Human and Social Sciences, 2021-10) Muchiri, Josephine Wairimu
Guided by Aaron Beck’s cognitive behavior theory and Susan Knell’s cognitive behavioral play therapy (CBPT), this study investigated the effect of CBPT on gender symptomatology of anxiety disorders (ADs) among children in two selected primary schools in Dagoretti Sub-County, Nairobi County. Both correlational and quasi-experimental study designs were utilized. The study used four questionnaires: the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), the Fear Survey Schedule for Children and Adolescents-Revised (FSSC-R), the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and the Child Social Demographic Questionnaire (CSDQ). Respondents (n=163; n females =94) were derived from two public day primary schools in Dagoretti Sub-County, Nairobi County: Kawangware and Kabiria. Through purposive sampling, 28 children diagnosed with ADs from Kabiria Primary School were assigned to treatment, while 28 from Kawangware Primary School were assigned to the control group. The treatment arm received 12 sessions of CBPT. Data was collected again at mid line and end line for both arms and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson-Chi-square, the paired samples t-test, and the independent samples t-test were utilized in data analysis. Overall, the prevalence of ADs was 79.1%, where females had statistically significant higher means in ADs (p=0.004) and fears (p=0.008) than the males. All the respondents (100%) from the one-parent and no-parent family backgrounds and the sexual abuse categories had homotypic comorbidities. Both genders benefited from CBPT as per the independent t-test (p˃.05), though according to the samples t-test, females had greater symptom alleviation (p = 0.000). Based on the findings, gender sensitivity in assessments and intervention is recommended for children displaying ADs

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