Browsing by Author "Anundo, Jacqueline A."

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    A Comparative Study on Effectiveness of Mindfulness Cognitive Behaviour Therapy and 12-Steps Model on Relapse Prevention Among Persons with Substance Use Disorder in Selected Rehabilitation Centers in Nairobi and Kajiado Counties in Kenya.
    (African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2022) Anundo, Jacqueline A. ; Ayuya, Caroline; Ongaro, Kennedy
    Abstract High relapse rates present significant challenges for substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare effectiveness of mindfulness cognitive behaviour therapy (MCBT) and the 12-Steps model on relapse prevention among persons with SUD in selected rehabilitation centres in Kenya. Objectives of this study were to establish the baseline socio-demographic characteristics; types of substances abused and relapse rates from previous treatments; to compare post-discharge relapse performance of MCBT participants vs 12-Steps participants in selected rehabilitation centres in Kajiado and Nairobi Counties in Kenya. This study adopted quasi-experimental design targeting 96 rehabilitation centres, focusing on participants aged between 18 - 40 years. The study used a sample size of 120 participants from 6 rehabilitation centers. Purposive sampling was used to select the study sites while convenience sampling used to select participants. The rehabilitation centers were grouped into 3 experimental groups (MCBT) and 3 control groups (12-Steps). Data was collected through questionnaires and assessment tools consisting of a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire, Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Advance Warning of Relapse (AWARE) Questionnaire. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive, inferential statistics. The study found that age and religiosity were significant SUD relapse risk factors. Generally, both interventions, MCBT and 12-Steps model, were effective managing SUD, however, it was evident that MCBT had a higher success rate than 12-Steps model in preventing SUD relapse. It is, therefore, recommended that SUD rehabilitation institutions in the country begin adopting MCBT. The study also recommends that among the SUD rehabilitation institutions that opt to continue with the 12-Steps model, their counsellors should be given additional training on MCBT. Finally, religious leaders as well as other stakeholders need to work on destigmatizing addiction and encourage treatment for persons with SUD and especially females with substance use problems.
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    A Comparative Study On The Effectiveness Of Mindfulness Cognitive Behaviour Therapy And 12-Step Model On Relapse Prevention Among Persons With Substance Use Disorder In Selected Rehabilitation Centers In Kenya
    (Daystar University, School of Applied Human Sciences, 2022-09) Anundo, Jacqueline A.
    The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness cognitive behaviour therapy (MCBT) with treatment as usual also known as 12-steps program (TAU) on relapse prevention among SUD patients in rehabilitation centers in Kenya. The objectives were to determine levels of hazardous and risky use of substances and relapse risk factors among participants in the rehabs, to establish the risk factors associated with relapse, to compare the participants’ pre-discharge behavioural response to MCBT and TAU during treatment sessions, and the post-discharge relapse prevention capability of MCBT vs TAU among the participants. Quasi-experimental design was adopted targeting 96 accredited rehabilitation centers in the Country and focusing on participants aged between 18 and 40 years. The study used purposive sampling to select 6 rehabilitation centers in Kajiado and Nairobi counties with a total of 120 patients. The centers were grouped into 3 experimental groups (MCBT) and 3 control groups (TAU). Data was collected through questionnaires and assessment tools consisting of Advance Warning of Relapse (AWARE) Questionnaire, the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Socio-Demographic Questionnaire and the Observation Schedule. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented using tables. The study established that alcohol and tobacco were the most used substances while age and religion significantly determined alcohol use disorder trends and relapse risks. Relapse predisposition was significant among alcohol, cannabis, and tobacco users. MCBT had better relapse prevention outcomes compared to TAU despite both registering significant SUD treatment outcomes. The study recommends that; rehabilitation programs be tailored along different faiths to be more accommodative. Affordable professionally managed community counselling centers also need to be established across the Country for persons with SUD. For further studies, TAU counsellors need to blend their programs with MCBT strategies.
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    Relapse Risk Factors Across Socio-Demographic Patterns Of Persons Admitted With Substance Use Disorder In Selected Rehabilitation Centres In Kenya
    (Researchjournali’s Journal of Public Health, 2022-04) Anundo, Jacqueline A. ; Ayuya, Caroline; Ongaro, Kennedy
    An understanding of the impact of risk factors for relapse can be instrumental in developing more targeted treatment to reduce relapse rates. This paper examined the relapse risk factors across socio-demographic patterns of persons admitted with substance use disorder. Objectives of this study were; to determine the levels of hazardous and risky use of substances among persons admitted for SUD treatment and to establish the risk factors associated with relapse. The study targeted 6 accredited rehabilitation centers, focused on participants aged between 18 and 40 years with a sample size of 120 participants. Rehabilitation centres were selected through purposive sampling, convenience sampling was used to select the drug addicts. Data was collected using questionnaires, assessment tools consisting of Advance Warning of Relapse (AWARE) Questionnaire, the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Socio-Demographic Questionnaire and the Observation Schedule. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented using tables. Results show that relapse risk of alcohol use was significant among age groups and religious groups. Relapse risk predisposition was significant among alcohol and cannabis users while tobacco had a significant but low relapse risk.
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    Religiosity and Substance Use Disorder in Kenya: What are the Implications on the Future of Rehabilitation Interventions?
    (International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR), 2021) Anundo, Jacqueline A.; Ayuya, Caroline; Ongaro, Kennedy
    Substance use is increasingly becoming a global problem and a constant health crisis that affects each region of the world. Substance use tends to induce certain disorders and this makes users prone to psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety and psychosis among others. Successful treatment for substance use disorders (SUD) must take into account other underlying factors that either protect or predispose the patients to SUD. Religiosity has been suggested as one of the most important protective factors against drug use, preventing individuals from using drugs even if they live in precarious environments. However, previous studies in Kenya have not investigated the links between religiosity and substance use disorder in the country prompting the need for the study. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design targeting 6 government accredited rehabilitation centers in Kenya. A sample size of 120 participants were selected through convenience sampling. The Socio-Demographic Questionnaire and substance use assessment tools consisting of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) were used for data collection. Quantitative data generated was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics involving frequency distributions, percentages and chi-square respectively. The study found that religion was a significant risk factor rather than a protective factor among persons with SUD in Kenya including some who had already undergone treatment.