Books

Permanent URI for this collection

https://repository.daystar.ac.ke/handle/123456789/2915

Browse

Browsing Books by Subject "mortality"

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Ovicidal and Larvicidal Effects of Ricinus communis L. (Euphorbiaceae) Extracts on Phlebotomus duboscqi
    (European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2015-11-07) Mong’are, Samuel; Ng’ang’a, Zipporah; Ngumbi, Philip; Ingonga, Johnstone M. ; Ngure, Peter Kamau
    Aims: To evaluate the Ovicidal and larvicidal effects of Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae) extracts on Phlebotomus duboscqi. Study Design: A comparative experimental design using extracts obtained from the leaf and bark of Ricinus communis plant. Study Site: Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Biotechnology Research and Development (CBRD), Nairobi Kenya from January to July, 2015. Methodology: Aqueous, methanol and ethyl acetate extracts were prepared from Ricinus communis plant. Freshly laid eggs were moistened with 1 ml of each extract separately during the incubation period. Larvae were also fed on larval food mixed with the powdered crude extract and a second group was fed on larval food sprinkled with 5 ml of each extract daily. Results: No significant difference when bark and leaf extracts were compared (P=0.061). 250 μg/ml and 500 μg/ml of extract eroded all the chorionic membranes of the egg shell while egg hatchability was significantly inhibited with only 7%, 9% and 26% of eggs hatching at 500 μg/ml of aqueous, methanol and ethyl acetate extracts respectively (P<0.001). 100% larval mortality noted when at 500 μg/ml methanol extract. The larval period was prolonged to 87 days with the life cycle lasting for 101 days. Conclusion: R. communis extracts have deleterious effects on hatching of eggs, larval and pupal development and adult emergence of P. duboscqi; hence R. communis should be used against sand flies and Leishmania in situ.