Daystar University Repository :: Browsing by Author "Wachira, David Muturi"

Browsing by Author "Wachira, David Muturi"

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An Assessment of the Effect of Motivational Strategies on Organizational Performance. A Case Study of XYZ Company
(International Journal of Psychology, 2016) Odongo, Apline Agina; Wachira, David Muturi
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of motivational strategies on XYZ Company’s performance. Methodology: Descriptive research design was used in carrying out the study in which the target population under study consisted of 75 employees of XYZ Company were sampled. The study then used a stratified sampling method followed by simple random sampling. The research instrument used was a questionnaire. Data collected was analysed using SPSS 20.0 statistical software and findings presented in tabular descriptive frequencies and percentages. Results: The findings implied that motivational strategies affect performance as motivated employees are able to produce quality products, satisfy customer needs leading to increased profitability The study findings also indicated XYZ Company had adopted several motivation strategies which included job design, goal setting, career development and reward systems. Further, descriptive studies also showed that they did not have employee development schemes, modern technology, job security, mentorship and exposure to international processes. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study provides recommendation that the organization should pursue other motivational strategies which include team work, a flat structure, adoption of modern technology, pool transport, International Benchmarking sessions to expose employees to best practices in the world, work environment and employee coaching and mentorship programs as this is will improve the motivation of staff and a consequence lead to improved performance.
Constructionism in Accounting Research: An Investigative Tool for Corporate Social Disclosure Practices
(European Journal of Business and Management, 2018) Wachira, David Muturi
Most of the researches in accounting are based on the positivist approach. It has been noted, however, that the positivist approach cannot answer all research questions in social sciences such as accounting. This paper looks at constructionism as an approach that can be adopted for accounting and other business management researches.
Corporate governance and risk disclosures: An empirical study of listed companies in Kenya
(African Journal of Business Management, 2019) Wachira, David Muturi
This paper examines the relationships between corporate governance variables and the extent of risk disclosures among listed companies in Kenya. The study aims to empirically examine the relationship between corporate governance variables and risk disclosures in 48 listed non-financial companies in Kenya. Content analysis of annual reports for the period 2010-2016 was used to measure the level of risk disclosures and compute the risk disclosure index for each company studied. The relationships between variables were analysed using panel data analysis. The findings show that the percentage of non-executive directors, ownership dispersion, percentage of foreign ownership, women in boards affected significantly the level of risk disclosures in the studied companies. Additionally, the control variables, firm’s size and firm’s profitability also significantly affected the level of risk disclosures. It can be concluded that the agency theory and the signalling theory can be used to explain the risk disclosure behaviours of listed firms in Kenya. It is recommended that companies should strengthen their corporate governance mechanisms in order to deal with risks facing them.
Determinants of Corporate Social Disclosures in Kenya: A Longitudinal Study of Firms Listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange
(European Scientific Journal, 2017) Wachira, David Muturi
This study which was exploratory in nature aimed to examine the extent to which firms listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange disclosure social responsibility information and also to determine company and corporate governance variables that influence the Corporate Social Disclosures (CSD) practice in Kenya. Data on the disclosure index and company characteristics were obtained from the annual reports of the respective companies. A relationship between the disclosure index and the various company characteristics was determined. It was found that size, profitability, liquidity, industry in which a company operates have a positive influence on the level of CSD. In addition, a company that a dispersed ownership disclosed more information than a company with concentrated ownership. Gearing and country of origin were found to have no influence on the level of CSD.
Determinants of risk disclosures in Kenyan listed companies
(African Journal of Business Management, 2018) Wachira, David Muturi
The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between risk disclosure and firm characteristics of companies quoted on the Nairobi Securities Market. The study involved all firms that were listed on the NSE between years 2010 and 2016, except the financial institutions. Annual reports were used to determine the variables. A regression analysis was conducted using the random effect model to determine the relationship between the disclosure index and firms’ characteristics. The results show that risk disclosure was positively related to gearing level, company size, profitability, and the industry type. However, it was not found to be related to the liquidity level, ownership and board composition.
Determinants of the uptake of NHIF medical cover by informal sector workers: A case of UNAITAS SACCO members in Muranga County
(American Journal of Economics, 2016) Kituku, Anastasia M.; Amata, Evans Ombima ; Wachira, David Muturi
The purpose of this study was to establish the major determinants of uptake of medical cover at Kenya’s National Health Insurance Fund by informal sector workers among UNAITAS SACCO members in Murang’a County. Methodology: The target population comprised of all members of UNAITAS SACCO in Murang’a County. The population was 68,000 members who were in existence as at December 2014 (SASRA, 2014). Stratified random sampling technique was used to select 150 members in the informal sector participating in the study. A likert scale questionnaires was used to collect quantitative data. Statistical package for social science (SPSS) was used to draw inferences from the coded data. This included descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Results showed that the major determinants of level of uptake of medical cover at Kenya’s National Health Insurance Fund by informal sector workers among UNAITAS SACCO members in Murang’a County were namely income level, awareness of NHIF benefits, access to NHIF outlet and the amount of premiums payable. The results also revealed that there were other determinants of uptake of NHIF medical scheme. These included gender of the head of the household, the level of education, presence of children, age and marital status. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that the government should educate the people operating within the informal sector on better ways of accessing finance so as to increase their capital and as result increase their levels of income. This would result to increased uptake of the NHIF medical scheme
Effect of Financial Inclusion Strategy on Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises: A Case of Selected SMEs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
(Journal of Strategic Management, 2018) Mdasha, Zawadi; Irungu, Dancan Njagi; Wachira, David Muturi
Financial inclusion has enabled many organizations to deliver affordable costs to sections of disadvantaged and low-income sectors of the society. This has facilitated the operations of the business activities especially in Small and Medium Enterprises. The main purpose of this study was to establish the effects of financial inclusion strategies on performance of small and medium enterprises in Tanzania. The study was conducted on selected SMEs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The target population consisted of 93,430 in three districts of Dar es Salaam, where a sample of 240 respondents were selected by use of purposive non-probability sampling. Questionnaires were administered and the data collected and analyzed by use of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). From the key findings, it emerged that the respondents agreed that financial access point were made closer to where people live, access and use of financial services increased competition due to adopting new skills and technology, access and use of financial services increased profitability and growth of business and some of the challenges faced by SMEs in employing financial inclusion strategies were unforeseen market changes, not being involved in making strategies. The study recommended the sensitization of financial inclusion strategies to the beneficiaries and cooperation between financial institutions and SMEs in formulation of realistic strategies.
The Effect of Innovation on Service Delivery in The Public Sector in Kenya
(International Journal of Business Strategies, 2016) Wambugu, Doris; Wachira, David Muturi; Mwamba, Dorcas
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of innovation on service delivery. Methodology: The study adopted descriptive research design. The study adopted a descriptive analysis by use of descriptive statistics such as mean and frequencies. The target population in this study was 280 employees working in Nairobi GPO. A mixed sampling technique was adopted. The sample size of this study was 65 employees of Nairobi GPO Huduma Centres and 5 members of the public. This study used primary data. Data was collected using questionnaires. Results: These findings imply that products/service innovations carried out at Huduma centers have contributed immensely on performance of the centers in Kenya. The findings indicated that the respondents rated technology innovations to have major positive effects on increasing the number of people served, reducing time of service delivery, increasing accountability and transparency and finally improving public understanding of government activities. These findings imply that Huduma center innovations faced lack of adequate resources during implementations. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that Huduma should involve their staff more in the innovation in order to have better service delivery. The study also recommends that Huduma centers should encourage their customers to give their feedback on services and products innovation at the centers for further development. The study also recommends that Huduma centers directors should encourage the employees to come up with new ways to better service delivery. Huduma centers should also address the issue of lack of adequate and sufficient finance since it poses a major challenge to development of innovations at the centers
Effect of Leadership Styles on the Performance of Microfinance Institutions in Nairobi, Kenya
(European Journal of Business and Management, 2017) Wachira, David Muturi; Kariuki, Marjorine
The leadership behavior, traits and styles have been of topical importance in many organizations due to the ever changing nature of technologies as well as the growth of globalization which has transformed the expectations and behaviors of people within an organization. This study sought to investigate the effects of leadership styles on the performance of microfinance institutions in Nairobi County, Kenya. The objectives of this study were to identify the leadership styles adopted by managers within microfinance institutions, to examine the effects of leadership styles on the performance of microfinance institutions and to identify the relationship between leadership styles and performance of microfinance institutions. A descriptive research design was used where samples were obtained using random sampling technique. Data was collected using questionnaires. The study found that, the democratic leader was the most preferred leadership style. The style did not increase employee turnover and but it increased employee productivity. Transformational leadership also did not increase employee turnover but Laissez-faire leadership increased employee turnover. Transactional leadership affected employee productivity. A majority of the respondents believed that leadership style played a role performance of the organization. Democratic leadership stood out as the dominant style, followed by transformational leadership then autocratic leadership. The study, therefore, concluded that leadership styles have an effect on performance at microfinance institution. This study recommends that most managers in the micro-finance institutions should adopt transformational leadership in order to ensure staff retention, enhanced employee satisfaction and increased productivity
Effects of Credit Card Incentives on Consumer Borrowing In Kenya: A Case of Commercial Banks in Kenya
(International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 2017) Amata, Evans Ombima; Mwende, Joyce; Wachira, David Muturi
Financial institutions have mainly relied on incentive programs as their main strategic driver to increase electronic payments, such as through use of credit cards. Credit cards have been globally acclaimed for their benefits that range from their ability to ensure tax-compliance, security, instant cash and their ability to facilitate settlement of cross-border transactions. However, there exists a great challenge of credit card usage, such as ease of accumulation of debts and high interest charges. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of credit card incentives on consumer borrowing in Kenya. The study employed a descriptive study approach using a sample size of 18 commercial banks offering credit card services. Selfadministered questionnaires were used to collect information. Credit card incentives were found to be a major contributor to credit card uptake. The study also found that most banks used incentives such as rewards for repeated use, low interest rates, traveling awards and benefits to influence the spending behavior of their clients. The study found credit card also affected spending behavior. It is concluded that credit card incentives can be effectively used by banks to increase use of credit cards. It is recommended that financial institutions should educated their customers on how to use their credit cards so that they do not fall into a debt trap.
Effects of Dividend Announcements on Stock Prices at Nairobi Securities Exchange
(Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 2016) Maringa, Elijah; Wachira, David Muturi
The paper discusses the concept of efficient market hypothesis at Nairobi Securities Exchange. The research was carried out to investigate the effects of dividend announcements on stock prices at NSE in semi-strong form. Secondary data was collected and analysed from Nairobi Securities Exchange. It was concluded that Nairobi Securities Exchange is not efficient in semi-strong form
Effects of Loyalty Programs on Financial Performance: The Moderating Role of Company Size
(African Multidisciplinary Journal of Research, 2019) Kiarie, John ; Wachira, David Muturi
The purpose of this study was to develop an original framework to explore the direct effect of Loyalty programs on a firm’s financial performance and to discuss the moderating role of company size. The study applies two original concepts - Loyalty programs and company size to develop an integral model that enhances the firm’s financial performance. Secondary data was extracted from financial statements. Explanatory research design which was non-experimental in nature was employed to analyze the effect of company size on financial performance of selected service industry firms. Panel data analysis was used to link the relationship between the Loyalty programs, company size and financial performance. Findings indicated that company size moderates the relationship between loyalty programs and Financial Performance of the selected firms in the service industry in Kenya.
The effects of reward systems on employee satisfaction: a case study of kenya forestry research institute (KEFRI)
(Strategic Journals of Business & Change Management, 2016-08-31) Koyier, Thomas; Mageto, Peter; Wachira, David Muturi; Gitamo, Sarah Moraa
Reward systems are categorized in various forms as pay or salary, recognition and appreciation, empowerment and autonomy, and fringe benefits. Rewards need to be competitive enough in relation to compensating workers for their labour. By integrating the theories of motivation, this study assessed the effect of reward systems on employee satisfaction at the Kenya Forestry Research Institute (KEFRI). This research was based on the assumption that application of reward systems influences the behaviour and attitude of employees at Research Institutions in general and for this case KEFRI. One of the major problems facing research institutions in Kenya is the inadequate or lack of application of the reward systems, which leads to employee dissatisfaction. Labour productivity is greatly enhanced through appropriate application of reward systems. This situation provides the basis to assess the existing reward systems employed at KEFRI as a means of improving employee satisfaction and hence labours productivity. The study targeted a population of 554 employees drawn from three of KEFRI’s three Research Centres namely: KEFRI Headquarters, Muguga and Karura Regional Research Centres. The study sample was 111 employees across all cadres. A fully structured self-administered questionnaire and an interview guide were the standard data collection instruments for the respondents. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. In particular, frequencies, tabulation and chi-square were used as descriptive statistics. The study revealed that 84% of the respondents were aware of the existing types of reward systems while 16% were not aware, a factor mainly attributed to failure to read the KEFRI human resource manual, attend staff meetings and ignorance on the fact that awards seem to have improved significantly in the current year as compared with the last three years. It also revealed that through rewarding employees equitably, the organization’s performance had been enhanced and employee commitment to the organization was more assured. The study also revealed that the application of reward systems influenced the level of satisfaction of employees at KEFRI.
An evaluation of strategic responses to gain competitiveness in cement industry: a case of selected cement manufacturing firms in kenya
(Journal of Strategic Management, 2017) Kibet, Amos Kipkoech; Koyier, Thomas; Wachira, David Muturi
The overall purpose of this study was to evaluate the strategic responses to gain competitiveness in cement manufacturing industry. Methodology: The study employed a descriptive research design. The population for this study was all the employees in all the six firms currently operating in the industry. The target population of the study was all the management staff of the three selected cement manufacturing firms. Questionnaires were used as data collection instruments. Qualitative and quantitative research analysis was used to analysis the data. Results: The study findings indicated that there was high level of competition between the cement manufacturing companies and hence the companies needed to put in place strategies to counter the competition in order to gain competitive advantage amongst the firms. The study results indicated that there were various strategic responses that were adopted by the cement manufacturing companies in order to gain competitiveness. These strategies included innovation, integration, outsourcing and diversification. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study also recommends that the management of the manufacturing firms should carry out a bench-marking activity against the best players in the market as a way of improving their logistics outsourcing practices. This would enable them to achieve undisputed performance of their supply chains
Family Business Founders’ Influence On Future Survival Of Family Businesses
(International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 2016-01) Muriithi, Samuel Muiruri; Waithira, Veronicah; Wachira, David Muturi
Small and medium sized businesses are the engines that drive economic development and contribute significantly to the Gross Domestic Products (GDP) of most countries. The roots of such businesses are the families that form their foundations. To succeed, family business founders must establish strong foundations, structures and succession plans. This paper examined the role of African and Indian business founders in determining the future of their businesses across generations. The study targeted 52 business founders (owners) and managers operating Mombasa City (Kenya) and used stratified random sampling method to identify the respondents. A questionnaire was used as the primary data collection instrument while a documentary analysis was performed to attain secondary data. The paper found that family businesses are predominant among all respondents. It was also found that most Indian families involve family members in business during strategic development and planning. In terms of longevity, Indians businesses lasted longer while African businesses were only a few years old and rarely succeeded across two or three generations.
Financial Distress in Commercial and Services Companies Listed at Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya
(European Journal of Business and Management, 2016) Emojong, Ronald; Kihooto, Elijah; Omagwa, Job; Wachira, David Muturi
The study sought to assess financial distress amongst commercial and services companies listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya with an objective of determining whether the companies in this sector were prone to bankruptcy. The study utilized secondary data collected from the Nairobi Securities Exchange over a five year period (year 2009 to year 2013). Using Altman’s Z score model, the study findings indicate that the companies’ Z scores (on average) lay between -1.88 to 3.5. This is an indication that the companies are relatively not in danger of bankruptcy. In view of this findings, the study concludes tha. in addition, the study recommends that….
The Founders' syndromes, challenges and solutions
(Researchjournali’s Journal of Human Resource, 2016) Muriithi, Samuel Muiruri; Wachira, David Muturi
Founders are remarkably innovative and creative persons driven by desire to fill critical needs in the society. The needs are addressed through creating organisations that produce goods and services that meet customer needs while at the same time fulfil founders’ dream and mission of being successful. Determined to succeed, most founders shape their organisations around their personality and beliefs, making the organisations to be synonymous with their philosophies and practices. Many founders exercise paternalistic, autocratic and overzealous leadership, making it difficult for other stakeholders to get a grip of the organisations, a behavioural pattern termed as “the founders’ syndrome.” The main characteristics of the founders’ syndrome include being self-drive, achievement oriented, resistant to change, sole-decision making and retaining the status quos. Conflict arises from those interested in seeing the organisations transit from the founders to other successor. To deal with founders’ syndrome and ensure smooth operations and smooth leadership transition, this paper provides several recommendations mong them developing strong all-inclusive leadership; building employees’ capacity to attain desired competence; practicing professionalism; establishing workable structures and succession planning mechanisms. Lastly, the organisations must be guided by relevant strategies that aid in attaining strategic positioning and competitive edge.
How Accountants Perceive and Construe the Intention to Disclose Social Responsibility Information: A Study of Kenyan Companies
(European Journal of Business and Management, 2017) Wachira, David Muturi; Jankowicz, Devi
This study which was exploratory in nature was aimed at examining the perception, constructs and intentions of accountants to disclose social responsibility information. Disclosure indices were used to determine the current Corporate Social Disclosures (CSD) practices of listed companies in Kenya and to classify companies as high disclosure companies and low disclosure companies, while repertory grid technique was used determine how accountants perceive and construe intention to disclose CSD. Interviews were conducted with accountants from both high disclosure and low disclosure companies. The repertory grid data were analysed in two stages: individual cases analysis and cross-cases analysis. The individual case were analysed using the principal component analysis. For the cross-cases analysis, content analysis was used to categorize constructs based on their expressed meaning. It was found that the reputation of the company is the main motivation for high disclosure companies to disclose social responsibility information and institutional factors were the main motivation for low disclosure companies. It is recommended that regulation and standardisation of CSD can make it more useful for decision-making by various stakeholders.
The impact of corporate diversification on firm value in Kenya
(African Journal of Business Mangement, 2017) Manyuru, Anthony; Wachira, David Muturi; Amata, Evans Ombima
This study investigates the impact of corporate diversification on the value of firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE). Panel regression techniques were used as the estimation methods. The overall findings of the study where somewhat mixed. The study finds that industrial diversification reduces firm value, but geographical diversification does not have a significant impact on firm value. When examining each industry individually, the study established that industrial diversification enhanced firm value in the agricultural industry but did not significantly influence firm value in the other industries.
Managing market risk for financial performance: experience from micro finance institution in Kenya
(Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 2021-05) Kahihu, Peter Karugu; Wachira, David Muturi; Muathe, Stephen M. A.
Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this study was to investigate on managing market risk and financial performance, experience frommicrofinance institutions (MFIs) in Kenya. Design/methodology/approach – This study used positivism philosophy and used explanatory nonexperimental research designs. The targeted population was all the 13 registered deposit-taking MFIs in Kenya and a census approach was used. The study used secondary data which was collected and analyzed from microfinance Institutions annual audited financial reports for the period between 2014 to 2018. This study was anchored on two theories, namely, resource-based value theory and extreme value theory. Findings – The results indicated that interest rate and financial leverage risk had a positive significant effect on the financial performance of MFIs in Kenya. Foreign exchange risk was found to have a negative significant effect on the financial performance of MFIs. However, inflation rate risk was found to have no significant effect on the financial performance ofMFIs. Research limitations/implications – This study recommended that the chief executive officers of MFIs should use the mechanism of identifying market risk variables, especially Interest rate, financial leverage and foreign exchange risks to enable them to put the necessary measures to mitigate those risks and enhance the financial performance ofMFIs in Kenya. Originality/value – This study is unique as it touches the microfinance industry which has a steady fast growth in assisting accessibility of financial services to small and medium enterprises. Most of the previous study concentrated on other industry in the financial sector.

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