Browsing by Author "Naomi, James"

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    Efficacy Of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy In Treating Ptsd And Depression Among Students In Selected Universities In Goma, Democratic Republic Of Congo.
    (African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2022) Naomi, James; Muderhwa, Ushindi Josue; Mrukunga, Caroline
    Psychological well-being is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of life of university students. Depression and anxiety are the most common mental health issues reported among students although post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) could also be high in situations where students have been exposed to traumatic events in their lives such as in wartorn Democratic Republic (DR) of Congo. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) in treating PTSD and depression among university students in Goma, DR Congo. The study adopted a quasiexperimental research design targeting 488 university students aged between 18 and 25 years who had symptoms of PTSD and depression. Consecutive sampling technique was used to select the participants. Data was collected using questionnaires, PTSD Scale for DSM5(PCL-5) and LEC Self-Report instrument over a twelve-week intervention period at baseline, midline and end line, and was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of SPSS Version 22. It was evident from the findings that TF-CBT was effective in the treatment of trauma related PTSD and depression among the university students in the DR Congo. TF-CBT was more efficacious than the alternative TAU applied in treating PTSD (p=0.000) and depression (p=0.000). It is therefore, recommended that mental health professionals can adopt this intervention in their practices because of the available evidence based studies that have proven this approach to be effective.
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    Influence of Land as Factor of Production on Growth of Commercial Real Estates in Machakos County
    (African Journal of Emerging Issues, 2020) Naomi, James; Katiti, Augustine James; Omanwa, Clemence Niyikiza; Mwaniki, Gillian
    There has been a slow growth in the commercial real estates in Kenya as compared to the demand of the houses. Demand for housing units continues to outstrip the supply; property developers in Kenya have in the recent years considerably scaled down their construction activities, pointing to a struggling property sector. In 2018 the real estate sector in Kenya recorded its slowest annual growth in four years, giving weight to property market reports that signaled a slump in demand despite increased supply of new housing units. The purpose of the study was to establish the influence of land as a factors of production on the growth of commercial real estate in Machakos County. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design. The target population for this study was made up of 374 registered property developers with Kenya Property Developers Association operating in Machakos County. Census approach was used to study all the 374 registered property developers. Prior to commencement of the actual study, 40 respondents from Kajiado, a neighboring county to Machakos were used in a pilot study to pre-test the research instrument. The researcher triangulated both structured questionnaires and open ended interview guide to gather and saturate data from the respondents. While the interview guides were bent togather in-depth qualitative data from the real estate agents, the structured questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from the respondents who develop the real estates. Both quantitative/ numerical data and qualitative/ descriptive data were collected using structured questionnaire and unstructured interview guide respectively. Qualitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics while quantitative data was analyzed using inferential statistics. Time series was also be utilized in this study. Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used for higher statistical computations. The findings revealed that there was a positive and significant relationship between land and growth of commercial real estate in Machakos County. Based on the findings the study concluded that land is an important factor in determining the growth of commercial real estate in Machakos County. The study therefore recommended that before considering investing in commercial real estate in Machakos County, the investors should consider a number of aspects regarding land such as land location, land size, the general appearance of the land, accessibility and the price of the land and most importantly the legitimacy of the land.
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    Prevalence of PTSD and Depression Among University Students in GOMA, DR Congo
    (African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2022) Muderhwa, Ushindi Josue; Naomi, James; Mrukunga, Caroline
    Mental health challenges are a fast-growing disease burden globally. Studies indicate that mental illnesses are more prevalent among students in institutions of higher learning compared to the general population. It is also noted that high prevalence rate of mental illnesses is found among students with a history of childhood trauma. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of PTSD and depression symptoms among Free University of Great Lake Countries and La Sapientia University students in Goma, DR Congo. The study adopted a quasi-experimental research design targeting 4,050 university students out of which 809 students aged between 18 and 25 years who volunteered for screening of PTSD and depression. A combination of purposive, stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to select the study participants. Data was collected using questionnaires, PTSD Scale for DSM-5(PCL-5) and LEC Self-Report instrument. Subsequently, data was analyzed using bivariate analysis. The findings revealed that students aged 18-20 years registered the highest prevalence of both PTSD (11.4%) and depressive illness (15.2%) compared to older students. The prevalence of PTSD (17.4%; p = 0.010) and depressive illness (21.8%) was also found to be higher among female students compared to male students. The prevalence of PTSD and depressive illness was high among first year students at 9.1% while depression was at 11.7% (p = 0.013). Further, both PTSD (25.4%) and depressive illness (34%) prevalence rates were higher among single students compared to the other marital categories. Finally, the prevalence of both PTSD (17.9%) and depressive illness (23.9%; p = 0.005) was higher among the students whose parents were married compared to other parental marital categories. Based on the results, it is recommended that universities and relevant stakeholders take the initiate to provide professional mental health services in the universities in DR Congo which include regular screening of students for PTSD and depression, and treatment.
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    Towards an Effective Communication in the Care of Patients with Long Term Disease in Kenya via Cybernetic—A Systematic Review
    (Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 2023) Otieno, Christopher Oyuech; Kiarie, Martha ; Naomi, James; Liyai, Grace Mbogo
    In this paper, to effectively treat chronic disorders and improve the standard of care, effective communication between patients and healthcare professionals was essential. The aim of the study was to review the literature on how good communication might improve treatment outcomes for Kenyan patients with chronic and terminal illnesses and to determine whether Cybernetic electronic communication can improve those outcomes even more. We uncovered the history of treatment outcomes for chronic and terminal diseases in this research study, both with and without communication at the core of the patient’s care plan. We discussed the importance of good communication in the treatment of patients with chronic and terminal illnesses and why it is a momentous endeavor comparable to medical diagnosis and treatment for the long-term health of patients. To locate pertinent material for the background literature study, we carried out a comprehensive literature search. Although the preliminary literature review was a continuation of the introduction research, it also highlighted the paucity of local Kenyan literature and suggested that improved communication might help patients with chronic and terminal illnesses have better treatment outcome. Methodology maintained the literature search, as a systematic literature review focused on core of the study, making separate sections of the same body necessary. This ensured that a methodological literature search section is as comprehensive as possible. We used an integrated PRISM model to limit a comprehensive literature search and a systematic literature review design as part of the overall process. Non-probability sampling and snowball approaches on literary papers over the previous 17 years were used in this arrangement. Since this was a multidisciplinary study, the four experts who also serve as authors were chosen from within their respective fields of expertise to design the study. They created search strategies, generated key words, looked up keywords in database engines, assessed the results of the literature using the PRISMA logical model, looked over successful literature, and triangulated their findings. The conclusions of the experts individually revealed a convergence of thoughts, beliefs, and practices across. The study concluded that even though there isn’t much research done in Kenya on the same subject; what is available illustrates how crucial good communication is for patients with chronic illnesses. The study’s findings also highlighted the positive effects of effective communication between patients and healthcare professionals on treatment plan adherence, patient satisfaction, and overall health outcomes. The results also noted that in order to improve patient care and outcome, Kenyan healthcare workers should underscore developing their communication skills. The study also found that the incorporation of cybernetics is crucial if a truly effective communication is required so as to enable centered care for patients with long-term diseases in Kenya. The goal of the Cybernetics is to activate genuinely effective communication in the care of Patients with long-term disease in Kenya. This study is organized to begin with an abstract, followed by keywords, an introduction, literature review, methodology, findings, discussion, and finally conclusions