School of Applied Human Sciences
Permanent URI for this community
Browse
Browsing School of Applied Human Sciences by Author "Ayuya, Caroline"
Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item 12-month substance use disorders among first-year university students in Kenya(PLoS ONE, 2023-11-27) Jaguga, Florence; Mathai, Muthoni; Ayuya, Caroline; Ongecha, Francisca; Musyoka, Catherine Mawia; Shah, Jasmit; Atwoli, LukoyeObjectives The period of entry into university represents one of vulnerability to substance use for university students. The goal of this study is to document the 12-month prevalence of substance use disorders among first year university students in Kenya, and to test whether there is an association between substance use disorders and mental disorders. Methods This was a cross-sectional online survey conducted in 2019 and 2020 as part of the World Health Organization’s World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) survey initiative. A total of 334 university students completed the survey. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the demographic characteristics of the participants. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the association between substance use disorder and mental disorders after adjusting for age and gender. Results The 12-month prevalence for alcohol use disorder was 3.3%, while the 12-month prevalence for other substance use disorder was 6.9%. Adjusting for age and gender, there was an association between any substance use disorder and major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, bipolar 1 disorder, intermittent explosive disorder, social anxiety disorder, suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and non-suicidal self-injury. Conclusion These findings highlight the need to institute policies and interventions in universities in Kenya that address substance use disorders and comorbid mental disorders among first-year students.Item The 21st Century Educated African Person and the Loss of Africans’ Educational Identity: Towards an Afro Education Model(Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 2013-03) Amukowa, Wycliffe; Ayuya, CarolineAfrica like other parts of the world strongly believes in the axiom of education per excellence, that is, African nations share in the vision of education as a pivot for social change and integrated development. However review of literature shows a discontent from some African scholars over the practice of Western formal education on the Continent of Africa. This discontent stems from the belief that Western formal education destroys Africa; resulting into the loss of Africans’ educational identity, underdevelopment, moral decadence and cultural erosion. Several concerns emerge in the light of this discontent: 1).What is Education? 2).Who is an educated person? 3) Who is responsible for Africans loss of educational identity? This paper engages a critical appraisal and review of this discontent with the intentions of arriving at an understanding of the 21st Key Words: Africa, Colonialism, Culture, Development, Education, European, Schooling Century educated African Person and proposes an educational model for Africa in this regard.Item Adoptive Parenting: Correlates of Socio-Demographic Factors and Child Attachment among Domestically and Internationally Adopted Children in Nairobi, Kenya(African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2017) Munene, Alice; Ayuya, CarolineItem African Worldview: An Integrated Psychological Perspective(International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education (IJHSSE), 2015-05) Ayuya, Caroline; Ireri, Niceta W.; Kimani, Irene; Mathenge, Justus; Muriithi, Judith; Otieno, RoseChristian scholars are constantly confronting the new challenges of a relentlessly changing intellectual environment including postmodernism amongst others; challenges of integration in the practice of Psychology and how Christian scholars need to integrate the ever-changing intellectual scholarly world their practice, research and scientific inquiry. It is in this context that this paper will first scan the overview of Psychology in Africa. The paper will also look at application of Africa Psychology in Clinical scientific inquiry and practice. It will in addition outline Integration of Christianity and Psychology and finally as it scans the horizons of African worldviews in relation to integrating African world views in Psychological Scientific inquiry.Item Association between Anxiety Disorders and Socio-Demographic Characteristics among School Going Children in Nairobi, Kenya(International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education (IJHSSE), 2019-12) Mathenge, Justus; Ayuya, Caroline; Ongaro, Kennedy; Khasakhala, LincolinThe purpose of this study was determine association between Anxiety Disorder and Socio-demographic characteristics among School going children in Nairobi, Kenya. The study employed a descriptive study design utilizing purposeful sampling frame.The sample size of 92 was drawn from classes 3 to 7 at Our Lady Queen of Peace and Amani primary schools. Data was collected using a self-administered Socio-demographic and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED) – Child Version. Findings indicated that the socio-demographic characteristics; 50% of the respondents’ parents were not living together with a significant number of the pupils living with their single mother compared to single fathers. Half of the respondents were from very poor socio-economic background as depicted by materials used in constructing houses their family lived-in (mud 2.7%, 8.0% wooden materials and 37.1% iron sheets) and source of water for domestic use, where 31.7% drew water from a common tab outside their houses.Item Can Education System be Repaired? Ideological Dearth in Kenya’s Educational Practice and its Implications for Reforms in the Education Sector(Journal of Educational and Social Research, 2013-05) Amukowa, Wycliffe; Gunga, O. Samson; Ayuya, CarolineThis paper confronts two issues; reforms (repairs) and ideology in education. Machines can be repaired any time they breakdown or develop defects. Educational reforms have been carried out any time an emerging need has to be confronted. Can these education reforms be seen as repairing an education system? Ideology on the other is a coherent system of ideas; relying upon a few basic assumptions about reality that may or may not have any factual basis, but are subjective choices that serve as the seed around which further thought grows. When traditional societies began to undergo changes, the ritualistic legitimization of education gave way to a new type of legitimization - the ideological legitimization of education. The latter has two attributes: one involves the appearance of people’s recognition of their right to choose the type of education that suits their tastes, values, aims and understanding. In view of this new realization, they no longer feel obliged to the accepted education only because it is the accepted type. The second attribute requires the simultaneous existence of several conceptions of education, from which one may choose the type of education suitable to one's needs. This paper searches into the possibility that there are no longer ideologies necessary to guide educational practice in Kenya, thereby raising concerns over education relevance.Item Leveraging Science, Technology and Innovation for National Development in the Light of the Emerging Universities of Science and Technology in Kenya(Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 2013-05) Amukowa, Wycliffe; Ayuya, CarolineIt is recognized that effective leveraging of science, technology and innovation is essential for wealth creation in all nations. Science, Technology and Innovation is also a key component of social integration, sustainable development and poverty eradication based on equity, freedom, justice, governance, peace and prosperity. At the international level, science, technology and innovation act as a tool of international co-operation and solidarity. It is useful for provision of knowledge and information as well as facilitating globalization with human development while concomitantly strengthening national governance and acting as a vector of common heritage, international cooperation and solidarity. Appropriate Science, Technology and Innovation policy is key to the production, distribution and use of knowledge and information. This paper endeavours to underscore how the continued growth of universities of science and technology could steer Kenya’s economic growth among other priority areas as outlined by the government.Item Prevalence and Correlation of Anxiety Disorders among Primary School Children in Nairobi, Kenya(International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education (IJHSSE), 2019-12) Mathenge, Justus; Ayuya, Caroline; Ongaro, Kennedy; Khasakhala, LincolinThe purpose of this study was establish the prevalence of anxiety disorders among primary school going children in Nairobi, Kenya. The study employed a descriptive study design utilizing purposeful sampling frame. The sample size of 224 was drawn from classes 3 to 7 at Our Lady Queen of Peace and Amani Primary Schools. Data was collected using a self-administered Socio-demographic and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED) – Child Version. Findings showed the prevalence of anxiety disorders was extremely high (80.8%) and were comorbid as is shown by positive correlation coefficient (r) p< 0.001 between the types of anxiety disorders. For specific anxiety disorders prevalence were: 66.5% had panic disorder, 56.3% generalized anxiety disorder, 81.7% separation anxiety disorder, 61.2% social anxiety disorder and 30.4% significant school avoidance. This study therefore shows that children’s mental health in an African cultural and environmental context wanting. These study findings can go a long way in helping the authorities concerned with health services to appreciate the need for a concerted effort in the formulation of policies and the need to provide resources to enhance mental health services in children attending primary school.