The Portrayals of The Poor in Kenyan Television Shows: A Framing Analysis of Salem
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Date
2024-10
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Daystar University, School of Communication
Abstract
This study investigates the framing of poverty in the Kenyan television series Salem to explore how media shapes public perceptions of poverty. Most existing research has focused on the problematic depiction of poverty in news reporting, which often emphasizes inequality and dependency while marginalizing the poor. However, little attention has been given to how poverty is portrayed in Kenyan films and television. This study aimed to investigate 3 objectives: (1) To analyze how the poor are depicted in Salem, (2) identify the narratives used to portray the poor, and (3) determine the most prominent frames of the poor used in the television show. Grounded in Framing Theory, this study used content analysis to examine 20 episodes from season one of Salem. The researcher utilized coding sheets to systematically collect data on the portrayals of poverty in the show. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis, guided by inductive reasoning to identify key themes, patterns, narratives, and frames in the portrayal of poverty. This approach allowed the study to uncover recurring frames, narratives and themes, revealing how the show depict the poor. The findings revealed that Salem frames the poor as lowwage workers, criminals, drug users/addicts and to be living in poor conditions. The narratives used to advance the plot and tell the story of the poor include that of ghettoism, poor life choices and chronic hardship and barriers to independence. The most emphasized frames that were identified in the show Salem include the poor as the ‘other’ and the miscreant poor. These portrayals have the potential to influence public attitudes and policy decisions, contributing to the marginalization and stigmatization of people living in poverty. The study concludes by recommending that media shift its focus toward portraying the broader, systemic causes of poverty and adopt counter-narratives that emphasize the complexity, resilience, and humanity of the poor. These changes could help reduce stigmatization and foster a more nuanced understanding of poverty in Kenya. Additionally, participatory storytelling should be used to allow those living in poverty to contribute to their own representation. By challenging harmful frames and embracing more accurate, holistic depictions, the media can contribute to breaking the cycle of poverty and promoting systemic change.
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MASTERS OF ARTS in Communication
Keywords
framing of poverty, Kenyan television series Salem
Citation
Kithome, W. M. (2024). The Portrayals of The Poor in Kenyan Television Shows: A Framing Analysis of Salem. Daystar University, School of Communication