Daystar University Repository
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- A collection of Class Projects and Student articles showcasing innovative ideas and diverse perspectives from our talented student community at Daystar University
- A collection of conference, workshop, seminar, proceedings, and lecture series showcasing diverse topics and cutting-edge research from faculty and staff of Daystar University.
- An archival collection chronicling the institutional history, academic achievements, and diverse heritage of Daystar University.
- A collection of Publications by faculty and staff showcasing research, academic achievements, and institutional insights of Daystar University.
- A collection of Lectures and Speeches from distinguished speakers across various disciplines of Daystar University.
Recent Submissions
An Examination of The Factors affecting Prevention of Drug Abuse among Adolescents in PCEA Ngecha Presbytery Boys’ and Girls’ Brigade in Kiambu County.
(Daystar University, School of Applied Human Sciences, 2018-06) Ng’ethe, Mary N.
Drug abuse among adolescents has been a global phenomenon for the past few years. Adolescents in Kenya have not been spared by the menace either; they too have continued to use addictive substances despite their devastating consequences. This study aimed at examining factors that affect prevention of drug abuse among adolescents in Presbyterian Church of East Africa Ngecha Presbytery Boys and Girls Brigade in Kiambu County. Its objectives were to identify the level of awareness of etiology of drug abuse, establish the major components for successful prevention programs for drug abuse and to find out strategies being used for prevention of drug abuse. The primary socialization theory was used to explain how adolescents are influenced by their primary agents into drug abuse. The social learning theory was also used to show the interaction between the environment and the people in the initiation of drug abuse among adolescents. The study employed a descriptive research design with a sample size of 82 respondents. Data was collected using questionnaires and interviews and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 and content analysis respectively. The findings indicated that adolescents were aware of majority of the causes for drug abuse that the program had the right components and the strategies being used were found relevant in drug abuse prevention. However, majority of the officers lacked professional training and guidance to handle drug abuse from the PCEA National office that coordinates drug abuse prevention. The study concluded that there were a myriad of reasons associated with drug abuse among adolescents and therefore to curb drug abuse among adolescents, measures geared to addressing the reasons should be put in place and targeted at the most vulnerable individuals. This study recommended that the Brigade officers be empowered with professional training in drug abuse prevention. The PCEA National office for drug abuse might also consider cascading their services to the congregational.
Traumatic Stress Effects of Terrorist Attack: A Case of The Teachers Service Commission (TSC) Bomb Blast Survivors
(Daystar University, School of Applied Human Sciences, 2017-06) Kanana, Mwirigi Faith
Most people exposed to trauma continue to experience psychological symptoms that are related to the critical event including trauma related disorders in the months and years following exposure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the traumatic stress effects of the August 7th 1998 terrorist attack among bomb blast survivors deployed at the Teachers Service Commission (TSC) Headquarters. The study applied a cross-sectional research design and the target population was 232 survivors who were censured and filled in self-administered questionnaires through the socio-demographic, Beck‘s depression inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck‘s anxiety inventory-II (BAI-II), Trauma history and severity of post-traumatic stress symptoms-adult national stressful events survey (PTSD), short scale (NSESSS) and alcohol use disorder identification test (AUDIT). SPSS version 21 was used in data analysis. The results indicated that females (70.1%) had higher prevalence of medical conditions compared to males (54.6%) p=0.012, males had a lower prevalence of anxiety (37.9%), depression (31.6%) and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) (105% compared to females (62.0%) p<0.001, (48.9%) p=0.006 and (1.5%) p=0.012 respectively. PTSD scores were positively correlated with: BDI scores (r=0.434) p<0.001, AUD scores (r=0.178) p=0.007 and BAI scores r=0.629) p<0.001 and predictors of persistent PTSD were: being female (OR=4.102; 95% CI: 1.761-7.018; p=0.018), having anxiety (OR=4.319; 95% CI: 1.109-16.819; p=0.035) and having depression (OR=4.419; 95% CI: 1.451 – 13.3569; p=0.009). The respondents received good care and support from their communities, believed in God and continued accessing both medical and psychological services.
Efficacy of Dialectical Behavioral Therapy and Pharmacotherapy For Parasuicidal Adolescents With Mood Disorders at Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Cappa, Lagos-Nigeria
(Daystar University, School of Applied Human Sciences, 2018-06) Ojuade, Samuel O.
The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of pharmacotherapy and dialectical behavior therapy in the treatment of parasuicidal adolescents with mood disorders with an intention to reduce suicide behaviors among the participants. The two theories that guided the study were Lineman’s (1993) biosocial theory and Durkheim’s (1979) theory of social integration and social regulation. Quasi-experimental research design was utilized with purposive sampling technique. A sample size of 115 for both pharmacotherapy (n=38), DBT (n=34) and combination of pharmacotherapy and DBT (n= 43) was selected at 80% power and 30% effective size. The participants were assessed using standardized psychological tools and researcher-generated socio-economic demographic questionnaire. These included Suicide Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) and Mood Disorders Questionnaire (MDQ). The reliability and validity of the instruments used were noted to be excellent. Only adolescents who had suicidal behaviors and coexisting mental health conditions were included in the study. Assessments were done at pre-treatment and post-treatment. Participants in Group A were treated with pharmacotherapy, Group B were treated with both pharmacotherapy and DBT, while Group C were treated with DBT. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Chi-square, t-tests, ANOVA, nonparametric and difference in difference were used to compare the distribution of different variables. The results revealed that suicide behaviors were predominantly severe among female university students, Pentecostals, participants whose mothers were jobless, and those whose parents lived apart. Depressive illness and family’s economic status were also found to be confounders to adolescents’ suicide behaviors. Pharmacotherapy, DBT and combinations of pharmacotherapy and DBT were found to be equally effective with no significant difference. The approach to this study was hospital-based intervention research, therefore, it was recommended that further research could be done in different settings targeting the same age group. Longitudinal studies were also recommended to establish the relapse rate among participants treated with different interventions. In addition, qualitative research was also recommended to study intensively why this phenomenon is rampant and how to prevent it from flourishing.
Effect of Conflict Management Strategies on Organizational Performance of Cement Manufacturing Companies in Kenya: A Case of East African Portland Cement Company
(Daystar University, School of Business and Economics, 2017-05) Gathethe, Mercy
The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of conflict management strategies on the organizational performance of East African Portland Cement. Its objectives were to identify conflict management strategies that affected organizational performance at East African Portland cement, to determine the effects of conflict management strategies on organizational performance at East African Portland Cement, and to establish challenges encountered when implementing conflict management strategies at East African Portland Cement. The study used descriptive research design and the target population was 695 employees drawn from the Human Resource, Finance, Marketing and the Operations departments of the East African Portland Cement Company. Purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample of 69 respondents. Questionnaires were used to collect data which was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The study found out that EAPCC used accommodation, comprise, competition and collaboration as methods of conflict management and that conflict management strategies used by EAPCC affected its organizational performance. However, the company faced challenges in the implementation of the conflict management strategies which included political, environment, communication blockage, technology and government policy challenges. The study concluded that that EAPCC used conflict management strategies and that thse strategies played a key role in organizational performance. The study recommended that the company should improve its systems of operations by emracing new technology, and should also train and develop their employees on matters concerning conflict management and lastly it should engage all the stakeholders in finding solutions to the conflicts.
First Time Fathers‟ Perceptions on The Effectiveness of Health Communication Visual Messaging, as a Contributing Factor Towards Support for Exclusive Breastfeeding Process In Nairobi Metropolitan
(Daystar University, School of Communication, 2018-06) Mutegi, Angela
Visual health communication messages have the potential to stimulate conversations and social interactions that are likely to determine whether or not campaign messages have an effect on behaviour. This study explored the effectiveness of visual health communication messages on overall message evaluations by first time fathers in Nairobi Metropolitan, regarding supporting exclusive breastfeeding process. Purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample size of ten respondents, who were first time fathers or whose partners were expectant at the time of conducting the research. In depth, semistructured interviews were conducted and data coded, transcribed and analysed thematically, according to social cognitive theory components of vicarious experience, social support and self-efficacy, and supporting statements presented in prose form. The study revealed that visual communication materials and messages were predominately targeted to women, they were not easily accessible and available, and they did not portray the role fathers could play in supporting exclusive breastfeeding. Consequently, they did not ultimately influence fathers‟ decision to support exclusive breastfeeding process. The frequency of exposure and the proximity to the visual materials was limited, and therefore inadequate in supplying appropriate information to enhance conversation ability regarding exclusive breastfeeding and ultimately supporting the process. Although the decision to support their partners was not mainly attributed to exposure to visual health communication messages, fathers expressed a desire to learn ways in which they could provide more support and suggested that the visual health messages should portray these roles. The study recommended that health communication message designers should design their visual messages in a way that encourage men to be involved in exclusive breastfeeding process.