The Impact of Emerging Media Technologies on Media Framing of Industrial Wastewater: Implications for Climate Change Communication.

Abstract

Advancing information and communication technologies are reshaping media effects research, particularly in framing studies, where effects are no longer unidirectional. This study investigates how emerging technologies influence media framing of industrial wastewater, a critical issue in climate change communication. Untreated or improperly treated wastewater contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, including methane and nitrous oxide, while climate change exacerbates pressures on wastewater systems, amplifying emissions globally. Using a mixed methods approach, the study examines public frames surrounding industrial wastewater, identifies primary news sources addressing the issue, and evaluates how media technologies shape public interaction with the topic. Data were gathered through interviews with communication experts from Nairobi-based universities- Multimedia, Moi, the University of Nairobi, and Aga Khan. Surveys were conducted in Nairobi sub-locations: Mukuru Kwa Njenga, Imara Daima, Makadara, and South B. Thematic coding of the data highlights the transformative role of communication technology in driving media effects and public discourse on climate change. The findings underscore the need for updated methodologies in climate change communication research, particularly to address the technological framing of industrial wastewater issues. The study recommends that institutions like Moi, Nairobi and Aga Khan Universities adapt curricula to ensure future media scholars are equipped to engage effectively with emerging technologies, climate change discourse, and sustainable communication strategies