Family Dysfunction and Juvenile Delinquency: A Study of Children at Manga Remand Center, Nyamira County, Kenya

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between family dysfunction and juvenile delinquency, with a focus on children at Manga Remand Center in Nyamira County. Family dysfunction has been identified as a significant factor influencing juvenile delinquency, as children from unstable family environments often develop maladaptive coping behaviors that increase the likelihood of engaging in delinquent acts. However, limited research in Kenya, particularly within juvenile institutions, has explored how specific dimensions of family dysfunction contribute to delinquent behavior among children, leaving a critical gap in understanding patterns of family dysfunction and juvenile delinquency. The research was guided by four objectives: to establish the extent of family dysfunction among children at the center, to assess the prevalence and forms of juvenile delinquency, to examine the influence of family dysfunction on delinquent behavior, and to explore strategies for reducing delinquency through family and community interventions. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, employing both quantitative and qualitative techniques. Data were collected from remand center records, structured questionnaires administered to juveniles, and interviews with social workers. A sample of 48 respondents was drawn using census, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, thematic analysis, and inferential tests to establish relationships between variables. The findings revealed high levels of family dysfunction characterized by parental neglect, domestic violence, substance abuse, and breakdown of family communication. Common forms of delinquency identified among the juveniles included theft, truancy, drug use, and violent behavior. The results demonstrated a strong link between dysfunctional family environments and delinquent tendencies, with children from unstable families being more likely to engage in deviant acts. Moreover, the study highlighted the role of peer influence and socio-economic hardship as compounding factors. The study concludes that addressing juvenile delinquency requires a holistic approach that integrates family counseling, parental empowerment, psychosocial support, and community-based rehabilitation. It recommends strengthening child protection frameworks, enhancing family-based interventions, and promoting education and skills training to reduce reoffending. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on child welfare and juvenile justice in Kenya and provide practical insights for policymakers, practitioners, and scholars interested in preventing delinquency through family and community support systems.