Assessing The Impact of Devolution on Economic Development in Kenya: A Case of Garissa County

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the assessing the impact of devolution on economic development in Kenya a case of Garissa County. The specific objectives of this study is to assess the devolved functions of various economic activities in Garissa County, Kenya, to examine the impact of devolution on poverty levels and income distribution on economic development in Garissa County, Kenya, to evaluate the prospects and challenges of select devolved functions in Garissa County, Kenya. The theories underpinning this study are Fiscal Decentralization Theory and Public Choice Theory. This study used exploratory mixed methods in collecting data, primary data were collected using semi structured, self-administered questionnaires, data was analyzed using SPSS Version 28.0 the study used stratified random sampling method. The target population of this study include Adults Population from 18 years and above living in Garrisa County, the target population consist of government official, farmers and business and industrial sectors. Analysis of the data involve use of descriptive data analysis parameters such as the mean, standard deviation and percentages. The sample size was 334 number of adults. The study adhered to ethical considerations and there after the study gave recommendations to policy makers in Garissa County. The findings of the study established that devolution in Garissa County is generally viewed positively, particularly in poverty reduction, improved public service delivery and economic development. Many respondents believe that devolution has helped to reduce poverty, enhanced the availability and quality of service and stimulated local growth through infrastructure development and employment opportunities. The results show that while devolution in Garissa County has created opportunities in employment and healthcare, its benefits are not widely or equitably shared, with poverty reduction and income generation remaining limited. Respondents also noted concerns about unequal resource distribution and inclusivity, though they acknowledged improvements in job opportunities and access to health services. Respondents generally view devolution as a strong driver of economic growth and improved service delivery but its potential is constrained by governance weakness. Political interferences emerged as the most significant challenge, with respondents emphasizing that patronage, elite capture and rivalries undermine resources allocation and equitable service delivery