Browsing by Author "Ojuade, Samuel O."
Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Correlates of Mental Health Conditions and Prolonged Grief Disorder among Widows from Selected Churches in Nairobi County, Kenya(Open Access Library Journal, 2024-06-30) Kyalo, Emily Mwikali; Mageto, Peter; Komen, Leah Jerop; Ojuade, Samuel O.Background: Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) is a chronic mental health condition that causes functional impairment in which about 45% - 50% of bereaved individuals adapt to the loss quickly, whereas the rest of this population prolong the symptoms of grief for more than a year after the loss of a loved one. PGD often co-exists with other mental disorders such as PTSD, depression, anxiety and many more. Objective: This study sought to investigate the correlates of depression, PTSD, and complicated grief among widows from selected churches in Nairobi County, Kenya. Methods: A total of 253 widows with age ranges from 30 to 80 years with a mean age of 45.3 ± (SD: 10.698) were recruited into the study. The tools for data collection were a researcher-generated social demographic questionnaire, Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and Harvard Trauma Questionnaire Revised (HTQ-5). Results: The results of Pearson correlation test indicated that there was a strong positive correlation between PGD and depressive disorder at 2-tailed significant level (r = 0.825, p = 0.001), between PGD and PTSD (r = 0.760; p = 0.001), between the participants’ years of marriage and PGD (r = 724; p = 0.001), between depressive disorder and PTSD (r= 0.619; p = 0.001). However, this study showed a negative correlation between the period of widowhood and depressive illness (r = −0.011; p = 0.05). Conclusion: This study concludes that while screening widows for PGD, clinicians may assess other comorbidities of PGD such as depression and PTSD early enough.Item Correlates of Suicide Behaviors and Co-Existing Mental Health Conditions among Undergraduate University Students in Kenya(African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2022) Nyagwencha, Stella Kemuma; Ojuade, Samuel O.The trend of suicide rates among university students has been increasing globally. The purpose of this study was to establish the correlates of suicide behaviors and coexisting mental health conditions among undergraduate university students in Kenya. The study used a web based cross sectional correlation survey conducted among 138 university students in Kenya. A google form was formulated using researcher-generated socio-demographic questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory second edition; Suicide Behavior Questionnaire revised edition, and Child and Adolescent Trauma Screen – Youth to collect data. The prevalence of suicide ideation was at 29.7%, suicide plans was at 48.5% and attempted suicide was at 13.8%. Also, the percentage of participants with clinical depression was 59.2% while Clinical PTSD was 71.8%. A positive correlation was found between suicide behaviour (ideation, plan and attempt) and depression (r = .373** p=0.000), a positive correlation between suicide behaviour and PTSD (r = .174* p = 0.038) and positive correlation between PTSD and depression (r= .395** P = 0.000). Clinicians need to assess other co-morbidities having screened university students for suicide behaviours. This will help to determine holistic therapeutic approaches to treat university students with suicide behaviours and other co-existing mental health conditions.Item Efficacy of Dialectical Behavioral Therapy and Pharmacotherapy For Parasuicidal Adolescents With Mood Disorders at Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Cappa, Lagos-Nigeria(Daystar University, School of Applied Human Sciences, 2018-06) Ojuade, Samuel O.The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of pharmacotherapy and dialectical behavior therapy in the treatment of parasuicidal adolescents with mood disorders with an intention to reduce suicide behaviors among the participants. The two theories that guided the study were Lineman’s (1993) biosocial theory and Durkheim’s (1979) theory of social integration and social regulation. Quasi-experimental research design was utilized with purposive sampling technique. A sample size of 115 for both pharmacotherapy (n=38), DBT (n=34) and combination of pharmacotherapy and DBT (n= 43) was selected at 80% power and 30% effective size. The participants were assessed using standardized psychological tools and researcher-generated socio-economic demographic questionnaire. These included Suicide Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) and Mood Disorders Questionnaire (MDQ). The reliability and validity of the instruments used were noted to be excellent. Only adolescents who had suicidal behaviors and coexisting mental health conditions were included in the study. Assessments were done at pre-treatment and post-treatment. Participants in Group A were treated with pharmacotherapy, Group B were treated with both pharmacotherapy and DBT, while Group C were treated with DBT. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Chi-square, t-tests, ANOVA, nonparametric and difference in difference were used to compare the distribution of different variables. The results revealed that suicide behaviors were predominantly severe among female university students, Pentecostals, participants whose mothers were jobless, and those whose parents lived apart. Depressive illness and family’s economic status were also found to be confounders to adolescents’ suicide behaviors. Pharmacotherapy, DBT and combinations of pharmacotherapy and DBT were found to be equally effective with no significant difference. The approach to this study was hospital-based intervention research, therefore, it was recommended that further research could be done in different settings targeting the same age group. Longitudinal studies were also recommended to establish the relapse rate among participants treated with different interventions. In addition, qualitative research was also recommended to study intensively why this phenomenon is rampant and how to prevent it from flourishing.Item Indicators for Severity of Suicide Behaviors and Coexisting Mental Disorders among Adolescents(The International Journal of Humanities and Social Studies, 2018-01) Ojuade, Samuel O.; Munene, Alice; Mbutu, Paul MutindaThe ongoing scholastic debate on cursors of suicide behaviors among adolescents is fragmented. To bolster the discourse, this study therefore examined indicators for severity of suicide behaviors and co-existing mental health disorders. The research was conducted among 115 inpatient and out-patient adolescents at Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Kappa-Lagos Nigeria. The sample size was selected at 80% power and 30% effective size using purposive sampling technique. This research used Suicide Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI), and Mood Disorders Questionnaire (MDQ) and researcher-generated socio-economic demographic questionnaire to collect data. The findings showed that depressive illness is a basic predictor of adolescent suicide (p=0.0001) while mother’s employment status was seen to be a predictor of mental health condition especially major depressive disorder among adolescents (p=0.028). Other indicators of suicide behaviors among adolescents include gender (p=0.030), education (p= 0.0001) and mother’s employment status (p=0.047). Also, higher frequency of suicide ideation was seen to be a predictor of suicide attempt (p < 0.0001), those who made threat of committing suicide more than once are likely to attempt suicide later in life, (p=0.001). Further, the results also indicated that suicide attempt with intent had a higher likelihood of completing suicide in the future (p < 0.0001). Suicide attempts predict complete suicide. The more frequent the suicide attempt, the more likelihood to complete suicide. Having discovered predictors of suicide behaviors among adolescents, researcher concluded with the need for early intervention and other useful recommendations to curtail this endemic phenomenon among adolescents.Item Severity of Suicide Behaviors among Parasuicidal Adolescents at Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Kappa-Lagos, Nigeria(African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2018) Ojuade, Samuel O.; Munene, Alice; Mbutu, Paul MutindaThe purpose of this study was to establish the severity of suicide behaviors and co-existing mental disorders at Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Kappa-Lagos, Nigeria. The sample size of 115 participants was selected at 80% power and 30% effective size using purposive sampling technique. The research used Suicide Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ-R), Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI), and Mood Disorders Questionnaire (MDQ) to collect data. Data obtained from researcher-generated socio-economic demographic questionnaire and standardized psychological assessment tools was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and summarized in percentages. The results of the study show that suicide behaviors were more predominantly severe among participants aged 18-21 than participants aged 14-17. The prevalence of suicide behavior was noticed among female, university students, and Christians, especially the Pentecostals. In addition, the severity of suicidal behaviors was high among adolescents whose fathers were employed, whose mothers were jobless, whose family economic status was poor and slightly higher among adolescents whose parents lived together compared to those whose parents lived apart.