Browsing School of Applied Human Sciences by Author "James, Naomi"
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James, Naomi (African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2018)
[more][less]Abstract: The development of conduct disorder is linked to an interaction of various factors. Although some children will manifest with symptoms such as aggression, rebellion and emotional problems before the age of ten, conduct disorder occurs mostly from ten years and above. The purpose of this study was to establish some of the distressful events children with conduct disorder may have experienced. The study focused on identifying the association between exposure to distressful situations such as domestic violence, child abuse, death of a parent and the risks of developing conduct disorder. A total of 167 respondents aged between 13 and 17 years from Kabete and Wamumu rehabilitation schools in Kenya participated in this crosssectional study. A self-administered questionnaire and Child Behavior Checklist Youth Self Report for ages (11-18) (2001) were administered. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0 (2011). The prevalence of conduct disorder was 36.4%, while 71.9% of the respondents were found to have witnessed violence within their neighborhood. Additionally, 68.9% of the respondents found people in their neighborhood hostile to them, 62.9% felt neglected by their parents or caregivers, and 58.1% had parents who abused alcohol. Furthermore, 54.5% of the respondents reported that their parents or caregivers punished them with beatings, while 53.9% had been emotionally abused by their parents or caregivers. Out of the distressful events variables investigated for association with conduct disorder, parents or caregivers fighting with weapons and witnessing parents or caregivers fight physically at home had a strong link. Moreover, respondents whose parents or caregivers abused alcohol or who were neglected had higher risks of developing conduct disorder. These findings show that the prevalence of conduct disorder was high among juvenile delinquents and that the occurrence of the disorder was associated with distressful events experienced. This calls for interventions aimed at training parents on effective parenting skills, providing a safe home environment and appropriate treatment for juveniles with conduct disorder. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3020 Files in this item: 1
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James, Naomi; Munene, Alice (African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2018)
[more][less]Abstract: The development of conduct disorder is linked to an interaction of various factors. Although some children will manifest with symptoms such as aggression, rebellion and emotional problems before the age of ten, conduct disorder occurs mostly from ten years and above. The purpose of this study was to establish some of the distressful events children with conduct disorder may have experienced. The study focused on identifying the association between exposure to distressful situations such as domestic violence, child abuse, death of a parent and the risks of developing conduct disorder. A total of 167 respondents aged between 13 and 17 years from Kabete and Wamumu rehabilitation schools in Kenya participated in this crosssectional study. A self-administered questionnaire and Child Behavior Checklist Youth Self Report for ages (11-18) (2001) were administered. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0 (2011). The prevalence of conduct disorder was 36.4%, while 71.9% of the respondents were found to have had witnessed violence within their neighborhood. Additionally, 68.9% of the respondents found people in their neighborhood hostile to them, 62.9% felt neglected by their parents or caregivers, and 58.1% had their parents abuse alcohol. Furthermore, 54.5% of the respondents reported that their parents or caregivers punished them with beatings, while 53.9% had been emotionally abused by their parents or caregivers. Out of the distressful events variables investigated for association with conduct disorder, parents or caregivers fighting with weapons and witnessing parents or caregivers fight physically at home had a strong link. Moreover, respondents whose parents or caregivers abused alcohol or who were neglected had higher risks of developing conduct disorder. These findings show that the prevalence of conduct disorder was high among juvenile delinquents and that the occurrence of the disorder was associated with distressful events experienced. This calls for interventions aimed at training parents on effective parenting skills, providing a safe home environment and appropriate treatment for juveniles with conduct disorder. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3133 Files in this item: 1
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Munene, Alice; James, Naomi (African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2017)
[more][less]Abstract: Previous studies on conduct disorder in rehabilitation schools have indicated high prevalence and this disorder is associated with criminal activities. Some underlying factors have been associated with the development of conduct disorder among juvenile delinquents. This study sought to establish the prevalence of conduct disorder among juvenile delinquents in rehabilitation schools. A total of 167 adolescents from two selected rehabilitation schools (Nairobi and Kirinyaga) participated in this cross-sectional study. A prevalence rate of 36.4% was found among the adolescents. In the aspect of marital status, the highest prevalence was among children who came from families where the parents were widowed (51.4%), whereas the prevalence among children from married or cohabiting parents was 34.0%. Children who were 17 years old had 52.5% prevalence of conduct disorder and the 16 year olds had 34.4% prevalence whereas, children who committed truancy had a prevalence rate of 64.0%. Significant associations were found between religiosity of parents, types of crime committed, marital status of parents and occurrence of conduct disorder. The prevalence of conduct disorder was high among juvenile delinquents in rehabilitation schools, which makes it a matter of major concern. Moreover, the association of conduct disorder with older adolescents is an issue that requires quick intervention before these children advance into serious criminal activities. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3134 Files in this item: 1
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Nyagwencha, Stella; Munene, Alice; James, Naomi (African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2018)
[more][less]Abstract: Adolescents are at a high risk of exposure to possible abuse due to their vulnerability and dependence on caregivers. The objective of this study was to establish the types of abuse experienced by adolescents with mild and moderate symptoms of anxiety disorder and living in charitable children’s institutions (CCIs). Data was collected from three CCIs in Nairobi County, Kenya. The sample size was made up of 115 adolescents who gave informed consent and met the inclusion criteria. The respondents were administered a socio-demographic questionnaire, which was asking questions about socio-demographic characteristics and previous experiences of abuse. The respondents also completed Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (BAI) to be able to establish the presence and severity of symptoms of anxiety disorder. Respondents who experienced neglect were 60.9% while 42.1% experienced emotional abuse. Those who experienced physical abuse were 26.1% while 13.0% experienced sexual abuse. Males had a higher mean in physical abuse and neglect while females had a higher mean in sexual abuse and emotional abuse. These study findings are important because they would inform policy makers on the types of abuse adolescents living in CCIs have experienced and add to the existing body of knowledge on abuse among adolescents. Further, this information would enable policy makers to integrate treatment and prevention programs for abused adolescents living in CCIs. It is such abuses which were responsible for these adolescents ending up in CCIs in the first place. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3015 Files in this item: 1
Now showing items 1-4 of 4