Browsing by Author "Tuikong, Sylvia"
Now showing items 1-9 of 9
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Maina, Peter; Munene, Alice; Tuikong, Sylvia (International Journal of Environmental and Health Sciences, 2019)[more][less]
Abstract: Due to their tender age and level of maturity, children are usually vulnerable to traumatic experiences. This is compounded by the fact that their mistreatment and neglect is astounding. The degrees of exposure to traumatic events experienced by children have been presented by various studies across the globe but it seems little attention has been given to the specific types of traumatic experiences children face. The purpose of this study was to analyse the types of traumatic events experienced among children in children’s homes in Nyeri County, Kenya. The study adopted a Quasi-experimental research design on a target population of two hundred and thirty five children from two selected children’s homes in Nyeri County. Stratified random sampling procedure was used to arrive at the sample of one hundred and sixty children. The study used semi structured questionnaires and the Child PTSD Symptom Scale (CPSS-SR-V), a PTSD symptom measure based on DSM-5 to collect data from children. The validation of the research instrument was done by subjecting the items in the questionnaire to content validity and its reliability determined using Pearson chi-square test. The data analysis was computed with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Findings from the study generally show that a number of children in children’s homes in Nyeri are exposed to different types of traumatic life events. The research is likely to educate counselors about the types of trauma experienced by children and recommend the most suitable treatment for these traumatic experiences. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3570 Files in this item: 1
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Kuria, Jane; Tuikong, Sylvia; Mwangi, Moses (International Journal of Current Research, May 25, 2018)[more][less]
Abstract: Introduction: The objective of this study was to determine the levels of PTSD among adolescents living in Neema and Tumaini Children Homes in Nyandarua County, Kenya. Adolescents who are registered into Children homes are vulnerable and highly prone to PTSD. Traumatic events that are experienced by adolescents may lead to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objective: To assess the levels of PTSD among Adolescents Residing at Neema and Tumaini Children Homes. Methodology: Quasi experimental research design was utilized for this study. The Population for the study consisted of 400 adolescents aged 11-17 years in the two homes. The Lemeshow et al., (1998) formula was used to calculate the sample size. A sample size of 180 from the two homes was obtained by use of purposive sampling. Out of the 180, 90 were for the experimental group (Neema), while 90 were for the control group (Tumaini). Adolescents were administered social demographic questionnaire, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) for PTSD. Analysis: The collected data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 to compute univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The results indicated that overall mean PTSD score was 38.5 (I 7.9SD) ranging between 25 and 59 and the score was not significantly different between participants enrolled in the two homes. Results: The analysis of the study revealed that the adolescents who had mild PTSD were 51.3% and those who had moderate PTSD were 48.8%. Overall mean PTSD score was 38.5 (+ 7.9 SD). Conclusion: Adolescents in the homes have been found to suffer PTSD. The home managers should adapt therapeutic programs that help them recover and be able to live productive lives as they relate well with self, their caregivers and peers. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3968 Files in this item: 1
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Ndirangu, Grace; Tuikong, Sylvia; Okuto, Emily (Africa Amani Journal, December , 2020)[more][less]
Abstract: A global commitment to better the lives of the most vulnerable in the world population is the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, whose commitment to leave no one behind in the development process. Forced displacement remains a major global problem with an increase in the number of displaced persons rising every day. Forced displacement is one of the major challenges of human security hence becoming a barrier to the attainment of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). The research was guided by objectives which were study factors leading to forced displacement and their effects on human security, effects of forced displacement on the human security of Congolese refugee women and the refugee protection policy gaps and its effects on human security. Two theories, Kunz’s Kinetic refugee theory and Rogge’s typology theory formed the basis of the research. The literature review examined secondary literature by other authors on forced displacement while the empirical review of the theories delved deeper into the theoretical perspective of forced displacement. The research design was based on ex post facto design. The target population was Congolese refugee women seeking services at an outreach center for one of the refugee agencies. The research sampled 60 Congolese refugee women who were randomly picked at the outreach center using simple random sampling. 10 key informants comprising of Agency staff from who did outreach programs in Mwiki ward in Kasarani were interviewed. Other key informants included refugee community leaders from. 2 focus group discussions sampled through purposive sampling were also interviewed. Qualitative data was collected through questionnaires, key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Data analysis for quantitative data was analyzed through SPSS version 20.0 while qualitative data was coded intothemes and later interpreted based on the questions and objectives. The findings indicated that there was a statistically significant relationship between forced displacement and human security of the women refugees. The findings also indicated that forced displacement affected the physical security of the women by exposing them to continuous police harassment, extortion and arrests, lack of access to essential services such as healthcare subjection to physical abuse, torture and sexual violence through rape and sexual harassment. The findings showed that forced displacement affected the mental health of the refugees leading to worsening of the mental health conditions where many of the women refugees still had mental disorders such PSTD, stress, depression, Schizophrenia, suicidal tendencies, Insomnia, and helplessness. Recommendations from the study include the need for government and international actors to work together to eliminate armed groups and introduce programs for reintegration of ex-combatants. Other recommendations include the needs to revise asylum policies for a conducive environment for asylum seekers. The study recommends that law enforcement officers be trained on asylum processes to create a conducive environment for refugees. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3970 Files in this item: 1
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Tuikong, Sylvia (International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies, 2022)[more][less]
Abstract: The internet has become an essential resource for social interaction among children, but it brings with it both advantages and disadvantages that depend in part on how it is used. This study, which is anchored in social learning theory, employed a desktop review of existing literature that focused on Kenya but covered global and other regional levels as well. The study found a number of benefits of the internet for children: updating family and friends on new developments in the children’s lives, reviewing photos and other records of past events, engaging in online interactions, and increasing their capacity for learning. Nonetheless, there are also internet-specific risks, such as access to inappropriate content and unsafe interactions with other children or adults. Other risks include “digital kidnapping” and contact with perpetrators who encourage children to engage in sexual activity. Although some countries have policies on internet usage, few have specific policies or guidelines addressing children’s vulnerability when sharing their pictures online. Moreover, most such policies are not applied in practice, especially in African countries. The study recommends developing and implementing policy frameworks to protect children online and using privacy settings to protect their information. Description: Journal Article URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/4032 Files in this item: 1
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Maina, Peter; Munene, Alice; Tuikong, Sylvia (African Research Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 2019)[more][less]
Abstract: A vast majority of children and adults in the world experience PTSD in their surroundings which remains a significant health social problem affecting their mental and physical health, work, and relationship. Traumatic events serve as vulnerability markers for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).The rates of exposure to traumatic events have been shown by various studies across the world although none have been conclusive enough to cover the prevalence and severity of PTSD within specific communities. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence and severity of PTSD among children in children’s homes in Nyeri County, Kenya. The study adopted a Quasi-experimental research design on a target population of two hundred and thirty five children from the two selected children’s homes in Nyeri County. Stratified random sampling procedure was used to arrive at the sample of one hundred and sixty children. The study used semi structured questionnaires and CPSS-SR-V, a PTSD symptom measure based on DSM-5 to collect data from children. The validation of research instrument was done by subjecting the items in the questionnaire to content validity and its reliability determined using Pearson chi-square test. The data analysis was computed with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Findings from the study showed that male children between 10-13 years of age are the most affected by PTSD. The research is likely to improve practice in PTSD therapy by reviewing and presenting findings on its prevalence and severity among children in Nyeri County, Kenya. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3574 Files in this item: 1
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Tuikong, Sylvia (Open Journal of Social Sciences, 2020)[more][less]
Abstract: It is not easy to approximate the degree and scale of maltreatment meted against children. However, the world today is reporting a consistent increase in the number of children who are subjects of investigation or alternative response. This is a cue that the likely number of children who finally get confirmed as maltreated may be very high. Kenya particularly, is reporting an increasing rate of violence against children. This study examined the prevalence of child neglect cases reported through Childline Kenya over a period of three years, 2016 to 2018, the nature and trends of child neglect cases reported in Kenya and the interventions employed by Childline Kenya to curb child neglect. The descriptive research design was used for the study. The data were collected through Childline Kenya’s helpline “116” harnessed from received phone calls from 2016 to 2018. Childline Kenya personnel received calls and recorded child neglect cases that were reported through this span of time. Interviews with Childline Kenya personnel were also conducted to complement the data reported through phone calls. Further, a desktop review of best practices of preventing and intervening for child neglect were also conducted. The collected data are presented through descriptive statistics, tables, graphs and emerging themes. The study found that, on average, there was a high prevalence of reported child neglect cases in Kenya, that there was an increase in child neglect cases reported in 2016 and 2017, with a slight drop in 2018. It also emerged that both males and females experienced child neglect, but more cases were reported among the males than females. Case management plan is the key strategy used by Childline Kenya as an intervention measure. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3573 Files in this item: 1
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Kuria, Jane; Wahome, Lillian; Tuikong, Sylvia (International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research, 2018)[more][less]
Abstract: Previous studies on Post Traumatic Stress disorder (PTSD) in adolescents have indicated that PTSD is co-morbid with other mental disorders such as anxiety and depression. PTSD is an anxiety disorder that may develop following an individual’s experiences or even witness of traumatic experiences where the natural ability of “fight or flight” responses are damaged or altered. The purpose of this study was to identify co-morbidities of PTSD among adolescents. The target population of the study was Neema and Tumaini children homes at Nyandarua County, Kenya. Quasi –experimental research design was adopted for this study with a target of 402 adolescents living in the children’s home. A sample size of 160 was selected using purposive sampling. The tools used for this study included University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) PTSD-Revised Index for PTSD, Children Depression Inventort (CDI) for depression and Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (BAI) for anxiety. Data was analyzed using SPSS-21 and was presented through tabulation. The findings of this research indicate that PTSD co-morbids depression and anxiety. The analysis conducted at the end of the study showed that ICBT significantly reduced depression and anxiety symptoms with P<0.003 for depression and P<0.001 for anxiety. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3571 Files in this item: 1
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Njuguna, Susan; Tuikong, Sylvia; Ngure, Peter (Archives of Palliative Care and Medicine, 2018)[more][less]
Abstract: supportive environment in support groups is correlated with reducing apprehension and depression among people living with HIV although psychological issues are not adequately addressed. A randomized control study with the intervention of narrative approach was carried out for Women living with HIV. Eligibility included a score of above 21 on the Impact of Event (IES- R) Scale, severe depression (CES-D) and scored high on the Internal Stigma Scale (HIV ISS). A structured group therapy session using narrative approach was conducted weekly for twelve (12) weeks for five groups of ten (10) members each. The finding was a reduction in the impact of event for all intervention groups on the Impact of Event Scale (IES-R). On the depressive scale, all members in the intervention groups moved from severe depression to moderate 37(75%) and mild 13(25%). The stigma scale indicated that 30(60 %) of the participants improved to moderate and mild while 20(40%) remained with severe stigma. Group therapy should be structured and adopt the narrative approach for women living with HIV. This will complement measures to reduce trauma from the impact of event, depression and internal stigma. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3569 Files in this item: 1
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Ngesa, Maureen O.; Tuikong, Sylvia; Ongaro, Kennedy (Open Journal of Social Sciences, 2020)[more][less]
Abstract: Complicated Grief (CG) also referred to as complicated bereavement is a clinically significant condition even though there is limited evidence on its prevalence and treatment in Kenya and Africa in general. The main aim of this 2019 study was to test the efficacy of a modified Complicated Grief Therapy (CGT) in treating complicated grief (CG) among orphaned children. A total of 426 orphaned children aged 10 - 15 years were screened using the Brief Grief Questionnaire to sample those with elevated grief scores. Of the 263 who met the criteria, only 241 participants fully participated in the six months study with 123 and 118 participants in the treatment and the control groups respectively. The treatment group was subjected to a shortened version of the CGT (12 weeks) while no treatment was offered to the control group. The prevalence of grief among orphaned children was 66% and using the Inventory for Complicated Grief, to determine the clinical levels, a mean grief score of 31.6 (SD = 9.52) was recorded. The reduced version of CGT was effective in the reduction of complicated grief symptoms t(122) = −15.79, p < 0.001 at a weekly reduction of 1.29 points. In the case of the control group, the paired sample test showed a statistically insignificant reduction of CG score, t(117) = −0.712, p = 0.478. Conclusions: Reducing CGT sessions 12 sessions to make it shorter and less stringent and using it as group therapy in a school setup did not interfere with its effect on the treatment of complicated grief among orphaned children. URI: http://repository.daystar.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/3572 Files in this item: 1
Treating Complicated Grief among.pdf (379.9Kb)
Now showing items 1-9 of 9